ProActive Infrastructure Eric Brewer, David Culler, Anthony Joseph, Randy Katz Computer Science Division U.C. Berkeley ninja.cs.berkeley.edu Active Networks Workshop, July 1998

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets2 Vision --> Goal The next internet revolution will come from enabling component services and pervasive access. => Enable programatic creation and composition of scalable, highly available, customizable services that adapt automatically to the characteristics of the end devices (clients, sensors, and actuators) and their connectivity through the network. Arbitrarily powerful services on arbitrarily small clients through integration with a powerful, proactive infastructure

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets3 Imagine You walk into a room, your Palm Pilot V discovers the devices there and builds a user interface for them; it discovers the path out into the infrastructure to your personal information space which is searching, filtering, and transcoding on your behalf and you have complete, secure, optimized access from a spectrum of devices available to you.

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets4 Starting Point: Transcoding Proxies Stationary desktops Information appliances Scalable Servers

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets5 Basic Approach Create a framework that enables programatic generation and composition of services out of strongly typed reusable components Key Elements –structured architecture with a careful partitioning of state »Bases, Active Routers, and Units –wide-area paths formed out of strongly-typed components »Operators and Connectors –execution environments with efficient, but powerful communication primitives »Active Messages + capsules

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets6 Structured Architecture Bases –highly available –persistent state –databases, computing –agents –“home” base per user Active Routers –soft-state –well-connected –localization Units –sensors/actuators –PDAs/Smartphones –Laptops, PCs, NCs –heterogenous

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets7 Behavior Units find ARs Build a “wide area path” of connectors and operators to service. Active transformation at each step Careful management of state Units Active routers Bases

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets8 Architecture Benefits Mobility –any AR + home base State –soft-state at Ars, persistent at Bases Scalability, Availability –Units use Smart Clients approach at AR –Bases provide service programming environment »TACC + persistence + customization Enables extremely simple clients

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets9 Wide-Area Paths Path is first-class entity Explicit or automatic creation Can change dynamically –change path or operators Unit of authentication -- delegate along the path Unit of resource allocation

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets10 Operators/Connectors Operators: –transformation –aggregation –agents Connectors: –abstract wires –ADUs –varying semantics –uni/multicast Interfaces: –strongly typed –language independent –control channel »path changes »authentication »feedback

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets11 Path Formation, Optimization, Interoperability Service discovery query finds logical path of operators Place operators onto nodes Connectors are polymorphic –entire path must type check - statically Add (or transpose) operators –forward error-correction –compression/decompression Change parameters, reroute Wrapper operators of legacy servers Leverage COM objects as operators

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets12 TopGun Wingman/Mediaboard Eric’s slide is in PDF

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets13 Campus-wide Testbed (Millennium) Gigabit Ethernet PDAs Cell Phones Future Devices Wireless Infrastructure

7/16/98ARPA Active Nets14 Milestones Year 1 –Architecture Definition, Operator/Connector Type System, Active Message-based Active Net –Technology: PIM proto. With COTS database, Auto connection, NOW Base, Test Units Year 2 –WAP with intermittent connectivity, execution environment for Base, AR, Unit –Technology: COM integration, shared link mgmt, multicast connectors, Type hierarchy –Working testbed, PIM prototype Year 3 –WAP transformation, operator migration, large-scale agents –FSM-based fast operators, operator fusion, migration –Full testbed, smart-space, PIM release