論文研討 2 學分 授課教師：吳俊概

英文論文撰寫 書名：英文論文撰寫技巧 作者：崎村耕二 譯者：張嘉容 出版：眾文圖書，民91，初版 ISBN 957-532-260-6

該書出版緣由 辭通意達的語言能力是成就一篇好論文不可或缺的要素。 將拐彎抹角的中式表達方式不經思慮地轉換成英文，常有被譏為「不知所云」之慨。 本書是專為非英語為母語的讀者所設計，能夠符合國內讀者的需求

目次 I. 與論文結構有關的表達方式 II.與內容有關的表達方式 III.與議論有關的表達方式 IV.其他有用的表達方式 Topics 1~15 II.與內容有關的表達方式 Topics 16~31 III.與議論有關的表達方式 Topics 32~52 IV.其他有用的表達方式 Topics 53~61

1. 標題、書名 A Study of (on) ~ Studies in ~ Investigation of ~ A Study on the Japanese Judicial System Studies in ~ Investigation of ~ An Investigation of the Laws of Thought Analysis of ~ Psychological Analysis of Mozart’s Music Computation of ~ On ~ On the Use of … A new Approach to

2. 研究題目之現狀 相關研究很少的題目 有一些研究，但還不夠充分 Only few attempts have so far been made at ~ No studies have ever tried to ~ Little attention has been given to ~ 有一些研究，但還不夠充分 Although ~ has been an object of study for a long time, there is little agreement as to ~ Although a large number of studies have been made on ~, little is known about ~ A great deal of effort has been made on ~. What seems to be lacking, however, is ~

已經研究過的主題 Numerous attempts have been made by scholars to show/demonstrate ~ Over the past/last few years/decades a considerable number of studies have been made on ~ In recent years there has been renewal of interest in ~

3. 研究目的 在開頭的地方，直接點明研究目的 The purpose/aim/goal of this paper is to consider ~ to show ~ to demonstrate ~ to examine ~ to formulate ~ to solve ~ to explain ~ to explore a little further into ~ We are concerned with ~ This paper is intended to + V intended as + N devoted to + N/Ving

排除其他主題的用語 We are not concerned here with ~, but ~ A close study of ~ is not necessary for our purpose. …, but this is not our present concern.

4. 導入本文 在開頭的地方，直接點明研究目的 First of all, we have to inquire into As a beginning, we will examine I would like to focus attention on The first question/point to be discussed is the question of ~ the point of ~ the analysis of ~ how ~ what ~ whether ~

5. 指出問題點 問題是~ ~ 的問題非解決不可 問題變大了 The question is ~ The question now arises: … The question then arises about ~ ~ 的問題非解決不可 The question that we must consider next is ~ ~ is open to question. 問題變大了 The problem increases when one turns from A to B.

6. 敘述問題的核心 解決問題的關鍵 The point about ~ is … The core of all questions is ~ ~ is, in fact, the key to ~ It offers the key to an understanding of ~

7. 分類 可以分成三個範疇 There are three kinds of ~ They may be divided into there types. They can be classified into there main groups. ~ falls into three category of ~ ~ should be differentiated into A, B and C.

8. 順序 依照順序論述事實 依照順序，重要性越來越高時 First, … Secondly, … Thirdly, … In the first place, … In the second place, … Furthermore, … To begin with [To start with], … Then [Next], … Finally [Lastly], … 依照順序，重要性越來越高時 The first important point is … Even more important is … Most important of all is …

9. 附加、補充 再加上～ 同樣地 In addition to this [these], … It should also be added that … 同樣地 Similarly, … Likewise, … Equally, … In the same way, …

10. 舉例 比方說～ Take ~ for example. …, for example, … “the following” 單複數同形 The following serves as an example: … The following serve as examples: … The following is a good example. The following are good examples.

15. 結論 結論可以說是… It should be concluded , from what has been said above, that … It seems reasonable to conclude that … We arrive at [come to] the conclusion that … In conclusion, (1)…, (2)…, (3)… These results lead to the conclusion that …

16. 喚起注意 促使注意… It is important (to note) that … We should notice that … It should [must] be noted that … It is interesting to note that … It is worth noting that … What has to be noticed is … The first point to notice is … The important point to notice is …

30. 圖示 圖中顯示～ 常用詞彙 Table 表 The diagram [figure, table] indicates [shows, tells us] that … ~ may be schematized as follows: … As the diagram indicates, … The shaded in the circle indicates [represents, designates] ~ 常用詞彙 Table 表 figure 圖、圖形 diagram 圖表 schema 略圖 sketch 示意圖 plate 整頁圖 photograph 照片 picture 圖片 formula 公式

30. 圖示 圖中顯示～ 常用詞彙 Table 表 ‧ dot → arrow The diagram [figure, table] indicates [shows, tells us] that … ~ may be schematized as follows: … As the diagram indicates, … The shaded in the circle indicates [represents, designates] ~ 常用詞彙 Table 表 ‧ dot → arrow figure 圖、圖形 * asterisk × cross diagram 圖表 ○ circle + plus schema 略圖 □ square - minus sketch 示意圖 rectangle ---- broken line plate 整頁圖 △ triangle …… dotted line photograph 照片 ‭ ◇ diamond () parenthesis brackets picture 圖片 ☻ shaded [] square brackets formula 公式 ☺ unshaded <> angle brackets {} braces

60. 謝詞(acknowledgements) 對某人表示感謝 I am indebted to ~ (N or Ving) I wish to thank ~ I would like to thank ~ I thank ~ I wish to express my gratitude (or thanks) to ~ I gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions with ~ on several points in the paper. This paper owes much to the thoughtful and helpful comments of ~ 對某團體表示感謝 We wish to thank ~ for their generous financial assistance. The writing of this paper was made possible largely through grants from ~ and ~, and I would like to acknowledge here the generosity of these organizations.

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