Arch Building Systems II (2000/2001) Energy and Environmental Systems for Green Buildings Lecture 09 - Intelligent Buildings

Contents zBuilding Intelligence zIntelligent and Green zIB at Work zIB at Home

Building Intelligence zIntelligent building (IB) yfirst coined in USA in early 1980s yits definition/model is evolving xautomated buildings ( ) xresponsive buildings ( ) xeffective buildings (1992-) ydevelopment of IB xclosely linked with computers and information technology (IT) xbut, IB  high-tech building

Building Intelligence zMajor IB features yautomatic reactions (adjust internal conditions) yeffective communication & IT management yresponsiveness to changes zIntegrated pyramid ysingle function/dedicated systems ymultifunctional systems yintegrated systems ycomputer integrated building

Building Intelligence zIB in Europe study yIB “… provides a responsive, effective and supportive intelligent environment within which the organization can achieve its business objectives.” -- DEGW (1992) z3 main goals: ybuilding management yspace management ybusiness management

Building Intelligence z“An intelligent building is one that doesn't make the occupants look stupid.” ymaximizes the efficiency of its occupants and allows effective management of resource with minimum life costs ymore responsive to user needs and has the ability to adapt to new technology or changes in the organizational structures

Green Building (GB) Intelligent Building (IB) Goals: - minimise environmental impact - use resource efficiently - be ecologically sound - ensure healthy environment Goals: - building management - space management - business management - building life cycle - efficient building systems - effective management & use - integration Information Technology Environmental Sustainability

Intelligent and Green zKey issues for intelligent buildings ysite (access, local amenities, car parking) yshell (thermal strategy, structure, floor layout) yskin (services strategy, solar control) ybuilding services (HVAC, small power, cabling) yinformation technology (communication, space management, network) zCriteria: business value/benfits, efficiency and effectiveness

Intelligent and Green zCommon objectives yresponsive (to user needs / to climate) yefficient (building design & systems) yeffective (operation & management) ybetter integration (with IT & within systems) zTrends ysmart buildings and Internet connectivity ysustainability in business (quantifying the benefits)

Smart Car - light & compact - low-drag design - fuel efficient - low emission - 95% recyclable - efficient accessories - friendly factory ? Smart & Green Building - energy efficient - use renewable energy - green building materials - low environmental impact - responsive to climate/site - responsive to user needs - healthy environment

Making cars like we build houses?

zOffice space and commercial buildings yspeculative offices (USA or European) yorganizational/functional requirements yimpact of IT and business strategy zMajor systems ybuilding automation system (BAS) yoffice automation system (OAS) ycommunication automation system (CAS)

zTypical features ybuilding control & energy management ylighting management yaddressable fire alarm ystructured cabling yvoice/data/image communication yoffice automation yfacility management & CAD system ymulti-function cardkeys

Components of a energy management system (EMS) with direct digital control (DDC)

Modern building automation systems ‘LonMark’ ‘BACnet’ Protocols

Integration controls network from different buildings

zCurrent and future development ynew ways of working xmore interaction xmore collaboration (physically or electronically) xmore individual autonomy ynew patterns of space use xmore group spaces xmore shared spaces xmore space for concentration xmore intermittent space use

Future office space (intelligent? green?)

zPresent technology yphones and intercoms yhome automation yaudio distribution (e.g. hi-fi speaker) yvideo distribution (e.g. TV) yvideo surveillance (e.g. security) ystructured wiring yhome theater, game station

zFuture home yhome networking yInternet appliances ywebcam, web phones ye-books, video walls yhome office yvirtual clinic/hospital y……

House_n: MIT Home of the Future (

‘Slinky House’ - Winning entry, Home of the Future architectural design competition, Museum Victoria

‘Vegetal Houses’ - Honourable mention, Home of the Future architectural design competition, Museum Victoria