Seismic Performance in Urban Regions (SPUR) and Prototype NEESgrid Implementation Roger L. King, Gregory L. Fenves, Jacobo Bielak, Tomasz Haupt Bozidar Stojadinovic, Joerg Meyer Antonio Fernandez, Jaesung Park, Prashant Chopra, Koel Das, Aysegul Askan, George Petropoulos, A. Kalayanasundaram, M. Khotournenko, A. Chilkuri, N. Ammari NSF NEES Awardees Meeting September 11-12, 2003

Outline of Presentation What is SPUR? Value of simulation and integration Structural performance Earthquake ground motion modeling Site response and soil-structure interaction Visualization SPURport – web portal and demo

An NSF ERC Problem-Centered Research Flow Process

SPUR, a Distributed Simulation Framework for Seismic Performance for Urban Regions Advance the state-of-the-art in simulating the effects of a major earthquake on an urban region. Integration of earthquake ground motion modeling with modeling of structural and infrastructure systems using advanced computational and visualization methods. The goal is to develop tools that will ultimately permit damage estimates based on best available information. Generalize discipline specific approach towards system-level research.

PBEE SSFI Basin Effects Large Scale Viz Fundamental Research Computational seismology SSI with DRM PBEE Performance measures Spatial distribution of performance Large scale viz. Enabling Technologies Archimides OpenSees NEESgrid System integration Middleware NEES HPC Resource Viz Systems-level Applications Loss estimation Tools for decision makers Scenarios for planning MicrozonationPlanning Emerg. Resp. Education Loss Estimate SPUR Strategic Vision

Leveraging Existing NSF Research for System-Level Problems ground motion data (CMU) precomputed simulations ground motion data (CMU) precomputed simulations rendering + portal (UCI) (MSU) immersive rendering & web-based portal rendering + portal (UCI) (MSU) immersive rendering & web-based portal structural performance (PEER - Berkeley) precomputed or online simulations structural performance (PEER - Berkeley) precomputed or online simulations

SPURport: The Grid-Based Portal for SPUR Provide earthquake community with collaborative environment for research on Seismic Performance of Urban Regions and training of future earthquake engineers Develop NEESgrid application of databases, computation, visualization, using distributed Grid-accessible resources; demonstrate ability to use NEESgrid resources at any location Opportunity to apply NEESgrid software releases to a substantial application and provide NEESgrid developers feedback Add to simulation capability of NEES

Strike-Slip Fault Simulation Model Peak Ground Displacement Peak Ground Velocity

Thrust Fault Simulation Model Peak Ground Displacement Peak Ground Velocity

Structural Models for Regional Simulation Objective Evaluate regional distribution of Engineering Demand Parameters (EPD) SDF Model u u u u u u u u Grid point - “Hydra” model - Multiple parameters and multiple orientations - Constant strength analysis - Constant ductility analysis Simulation Tool – OpenSees (PEER software framework for simulation) Building Models Shear Beam Model Generalized Frame Model Building Models

Constant Ductility Analysis for Strike Slip Fault

SAC 9-story OpenSees Model Column Fiber Section Beam Fiber Section Leaning columns for P-  effects Distributed Plasticity Beam-Column LA 10%/50 year

Regional Distribution of SAC 9-story EDP Roof drift ratioMax Plastic RotationMax Story Drift Ratio PGV

Regional Distribution of SAC 20-story EDP Max Plastic Rotation Roof drift ratioMax Story Drift Ratio Story 22Story 15PGV

Calibration of Shear Beam Model Pushover Analysis of Frame ModelShear Beam Model Story Force-Deform.

Comparison of Floor Displacement Generic Frame Model Floor 1Floor 2Floor 3 Floor 1Floor 2Floor 3 Shear Beam Model

Regional Distribution of EDP, 3-Story Roof Displacement SAC Frame ModelShear Beam ModelGeneric Frame Model SAC Frame ModelShear Beam ModelGeneric Frame Model Max Story Drift

Computational Challenge SAC 9-Story Simulation –306 DOFS, 1800 time steps. –Approx 4 min. per grid point. –25,281 grid points. –70 days in single processors. Constant Ductility Analysis – 28 parameter combinations. – Considering 8 orientations. – 25,281 grid points. – 5 iterations in average. – One million non-linear analysis of SDF system per parameter.

OpenSees Applications for Parallel Computing Parallel simulation applications built with OpenSees API and MPI API can be implemented using NEESgrid resources. Model Domain Element Material Pattern Analysis Solution Procedures OpenSees Framework wake PackagingSend output wait Un- packaging ReceiveGround Motion Structure parameter Slave Node Job Queue Wait Queue Ground Motion Data Recording output Receive outputUn-packaging Send Ground Motion Structure parameter packaging Process Manage Master Node Producer-Consumer Approach

Northridge Earthquake Mainshock (USGS)

Rupture Model Depth (km) Wald et al. (1996) Strike=122 (S58E), Dip=40 (S32W), Rake=101 USGS

Snapshots of Surface Velocity Peak ground velocity ( USGS)

Wavelength-Adaptive Tetrahedral Mesh (~ 100 million elements; 3 hrs)

Site Response - SSI Cross Section Reduced Domain Cascading (3 models) Domain Reduction Method Run on different platforms

Free-Field Response Peak values of displacement and velocity Analysis Region Observation Point (1280, 3000)

Observation Point Velocity (m/s) |FT|

Peak Ground Velocity in Region of Interest Vmax 800 m/s 100 m/s 200 m/s 40 m Spatial variability of ground motion 3D vs 1D

Random City Model Alternatively, populate with sets of uniform buildings

Structural Models and Distributions

Influence of Different Structural Distributions On Maximum Ground Velocity (EW) Free-field Hz Buildings R-City Low period structures

Random City Simulation

High-end Visualization New Algorithms for Rendering: Efficient 3-D mesh decimation More efficient than edge- collapse Various levels of detail  TetFusion  QTetFusion

SPURport Architecture Tele-presence NEESpop (middleware) MSU extensions (Enterprise Computational System) Apache Tomcat JetSpeed Chef NEESgrid services DBMS (postgress) EJB container (JBoss) OGSI (globus 3.0) ECS application streaming device driver Data Controller Data streaming and channel management Authentication and authorization SPUR applet Request Data NSDS Data and Metadata Collaboration ERC at Mississippi State PSCNCSA OpenSees Ground Motion Data Struct. Resp. Data Ground Motion Data Front End Back End

SPURport Functionality Earthquake Model Inventory of Structures view data extract data Structure Model select or define a structure (set parameters) select location run simulation select or define an inventory run simulation (future) view data

Earthquake Model

Structural Model

Inventory Model

Spatial Response Data

Individual Structure Response