Rational Rose Basics Visual Modeling Textbook – Chapter 3 Original Notes from Rational Software Corporation – modified considerably for instructional purposes

What is Visual Modeling Helps organize, visualize, and understand complexity. Is the mapping of real processes of a system to a graphical representation. Is a proven and accepted engineering technique. Rose uses a common vocabulary, the Unified Modeling Language (UML).

Models Models themselves are constructed using different views and diagrams to accurately depict different stakeholder perspectives and the system’s building blocks, respectively. Models are complete representations of the system. Views allow different stakeholders to see the system from their own perspectives Views contain Models… E.g. Logical View contains analysis model, business object model, design model (Sometimes models can contain ‘views’ too…) Models generally contain a number of diagrams – some of these terms are ‘used’ interchangeably… E.g. Design model contains class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and a number of others…. Diagrams: means by which we view of the system. Different building blocks (model elements) for different types. E.g.: classes, interfaces, collaborations, components, nodes, dependencies, generalizations, and associations. The 4 + 1 Architectural Views: how they work in Rose.

Very Important: 4 + 1 Architectural View Logical View Implementation View Analysts/Designers Structure / Behaviors Programmers Software management End-user Functionality Use-Case View Process View Deployment View Performance Scalability Throughput System integrators System engineering System topology Delivery, installation communication Very Important: 4 + 1 Architectural View

4+1 Architectural View Use Case View - represents the system’s intended functions and environment as seen by its end users. Serves as a contract between customer and developer. Is essential to analysis, design and test activities. Includes use case diagrams, use case flow of events, and supplemental documentation. It can also include activity diagrams. Is the heart of and drives all other views. Central!! Used for requirements capture and analysis…and much, much more

4+1 Architectural View Logical View Supports modeling the functional requirements of the system, meaning the services the system should provide its end users. Includes analysis class modeling, use case realizations, and interaction diagrams and more. It can also include state-chart and activity diagrams. – discuss. Much analysis and design involve packages and models in this view. In fact, ‘most’ analysis and design in done here… Most requirements done in Use Case View Much of this work is done during the Elaboration Phase and some in the Construction Phase.

4+1 Architectural View = in Rose Implementation View (Component View in Rose) Describes organization of static software modules (source code, data files, components, executables, and such) in terms of  packaging and layering and configuration management. Addresses issues of ease of development, management of software assets, reuse, sub-contracting, and off-the-shelf components. Used in programming and testing. Most (almost all) of this work is done during Construction phase. (Some done – clean up, rework… in Transition…)

4+1 Architectural View Process View Deployment View Includes the threads and processes that form the system’s concurrency and synchronization mechanisms. Addresses the performance, scalability, and throughput of the system. (Sometimes the ‘non-functional’ requirements are addressed here…) Is not necessary for single processing environment. Deployment View This ‘View’ is used for distributed systems only. Shows how the various executables and other runtime components are mapped to the underlying platforms or computing nodes. Do not confuse the Deployment View with ‘deployment’ and deployment artifacts as found in the Transition phase…. This is an architectural View not a development Phase!

State Chart Diagrams State Diagrams specify the sequences of states that an object can be in; events and conditions that cause transition from one state to another; and actions that take place when the next state is reached; Can be attached to use cases to model a scenario. Model the dynamic aspects of the system. Particularly useful in modeling complex interactions that may be difficult to capture in a Use Case – or to supplement the textual Use Case Description.

State Chart Diagrams Should be created only when needed to represent state-controlled class behavior. Statechart diagrams model the behavior of a single object over its lifetime. Statechart diagrams model the flow of control from event to event.

Activity Diagrams Model the workflow of a business process or a class operation. Sometimes considered a visual description of a use case…. Often accompany a Use Case description. I like these because you can normally show ALL the paths in a use case with a single Activity Diagram. Some Modelers prefer Activity Diagrams to some of the others… Are similar to a flowchart because you can model a workflow from to activity or from activity to state. Really, model is much more… Are considered a special case of a state machine where most of the states are activities and most the transitions are implicitly triggered by completion of the actions in the source activities. Models the dynamic aspects of the system. Key elements • Start and end states • Synchronization • States Decisions • Transitions • Activities • Swimlanes

Component View Component Diagrams: Sometimes called the Implementation View Contain: source code (e.g., .cpp, …) .dlls .exes .h files .java files . others…. Typically configured into packages of source code modules, data base entities, tables, files, etc.

Deployment View Deployment diagrams Key elements Are modeled in the Deployment View. Show the allocation of processes to processors in the physical design of a system. Represent all or part of the process architecture of a system. Deployment diagrams are required for distributed systems only. Show the physical aspects of the system. Key elements Processors Connections Devices Specifications

Use of Rational Rose … Do the following on your own – in conjunction with the Visual Modeling Text. This text steps you through your diagramming efforts step by step.

The Rational Rose 2000 Interface Browser: (see next slide) Think of the browser as Rose’s Windows Explorer. Displays the elements that you’ve modeled. If an element doesn’t appear in the browser, it is not a part of your modeled system. May be visible or hidden; docked or floating. Documentation window Used to create, view, or modify text explaining a selected item. May visible or hidden; docked or floating. Note that information added to the documentation window is automatically added to the Documentation field for the appropriate specification selected in the main diagram (modeling) window.

Diagram Toolbar Browser Window Your model is Really in HERE! Diagram Window Documentation Window

The Rational Rose 2000 Interface Diagram window Allows you to create, update, and model graphical views of the current model. Diagram toolbar (show) Is unique to each diagram type and can be customized. Is active only when a diagram is displayed. May be visible or hidden; docked or floating.

The Rational Rose 2000 Interface The Specification window – (right click on Use Case View Package; Open Specification…) Is a textual representation of a model element that allows you to view and manipulate the element's model properties. Note that information added to the documentation window is automatically added to the documentation field in the specification window. (See next slide) The Log window – (down at very bottom) Reports progress, results, and errors Right-click on Log window to see available actions. (See two slides down)

The Rational Rose 2000 Interface The Options window (Select: View, Toolbar, Configure) Allows you to customize Rose to suit your needs. For specific topic information, click ‘?’ in the upper right corner, then click the field. Selections made in Options are your defaults. Make sure they are set up to your liking before you model Changing this information after a model is created does not alter existing information. For example, changing the default fill color applies to future additions. You would have to change existing elements manually. General Can customize fonts, use of backup files, save setting. Browser - Can show stereotypes in the browser Notation – Can customize the notation and select a default language. Diagram - Can customize features specific to display of Rose diagrams. Let’s set up our toolbar for whatever models we wish to develop.

Customizing Individual Toolbars for Modeling Use Cases…(1 of 2) Getting the Use Case toolbar set up: View, Configure, Toolbars Select ‘Use Case Diagram’ (down near the bottom) Produces another window – ‘Customize Toolbar’ Select the Add button for Use Case Diagrams This adds the Browse Use Case Diagram icon on menu bar. This also enables the Use Case Diagram toolbar to become active when you want to model use cases (by selecting the Browse Use Case Diagram button on menu bar. Can return later via view, configure, toolbars, Use Case diagram, to add toolbar buttons into the current toolbar options for this (or any other) type of model.

Customizing Individual Toolbars for Modeling Use Cases…2 of 2 Select Browse (Select) Use Case Diagram from icon on Menu Bar Tool Bar is made active. Select use case model entities 1. Select model element from toolbar Click to select model element (get crosshairs) Place in diagram window by clicking at desired location Label it (use case) immediately or the use case icon later by replacing the use case name in Name space with the desired name of the use case in Use Case specification window. Click off. OR 2. Right click on Use Case View, New, Use Case This adds a Use Case in your Browser (hence in your model). Name it right away or, Double click this in your browser and name the use case via the Name space in the specification window (same process as above). Select and drag the Use Case icon in the Browser onto the diagram window. NB: deleting a model element from the diagram window DOES NOT remove the element from the model! You must go to the Browser to remove the model element. Restrictions are discussed in slides ahead. BE CAREFUL!

Rational Rose 2000 Diagrams To build any model, ensure you select the Browse icon in the menu bar or Select the Browse menu and select the type of model you wish to develop. Clicking ok to the desired model choice activates the toolbar for ‘that’ model. - Eight diagrams can be modeled in Rose. Will use four for Requirements Gathering, Analysis and Design. We will be dealing with these quite a bit. Use Case Collaboration Sequence Class We will briefly discuss the other remaining four on the following slides.

Basic Tool Techniques Add Model Elements Either the browser or model diagram toolbar (assuming appropriate toolbar is activited). Browser: Right click on Use Case Diagram; Select New; Select Model element. Toolbar: Double Click element; Place on diagram window; document…(See browser) Name the model element, like Administrator for an Actor. Elements added from the toolbar are automatically added to the browser. Elements added to the browser must be dragged and dropped on to the diagram. You can also drag and drop existing elements from the browser to other diagrams.

Basic Tool Techniques Delete Model Elements Deleting from a model diagram Removes the selected icon from the current diagram BUT does not change the model unless: Deleted icon is unnamed, or Icon appears once in the current diagram and in no other diagram. Note that all relationships associated with the deleted element are also deleted. Delete from a diagram Click the element in the diagram, then press Delete on your keyboard. Click the element in the diagram. From the Edit menu, click Delete. Note: model element is STILL in the browser (hence, the model) Delete from the browser Right click model element; get short-cut menu; press delete with left click Removes the selected element from the model. Removes all icons representing the element from all diagrams on which they appear. Other ways too.

Basic Tool Techniques Right Clicking – Short Cut Menu The Right-Click feature Displays actions that can be taken on the selection. Is the alternative to selecting from the standard menu bar. (easiest way) Can be used for all toolbars, diagram elements, browser and browser elements, and documentation window