ORGANIZATION THEORY THE CLASSICAL APPROACH

Learning Objectives 1.Describe the main features of the Classical approach. 2.Discuss the differences and similarities between the work of Taylor, Fayol and Weber. 3.Describe the key features of the Classical approach to organizational change

THE CLASSICAL APPROACH The Classical Approach or The Scientific Rational Approach, is characterised by : 1.Organizations are rational entities 2.The design of organization 3.People are economic beings

Scientific Management Figures : Frederick Taylor Book : Principles of Scientific Management Core Elements : 1.The systematic collection of knowledge about the work process by managers 2.The reduction of workers discretion and control over what they do 3.The laying down of standard procedures and times for carrying out each job

Motion Study Figures : Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Developed a procedures for human motion into 5 elements : 1.Operations 2.Transpotations 3.Inspection 4.Storage 5.Delay

Principles of Organization Figures : Henri Fayol Concerned with developing a universal approach to management with principles : 1.Division of work 2.Authority and responsibility 3.Discipline 4.Unity of command 5.Unity of direction

6. Subordination of individual or group interested. 7. Remuneration of personnel 8. Centralisation 9. Scalar chain 10. Order 11. Equity 12.Stability of tenure of personnel 13. Initiative 14. Esprit de corps

In order to achieve those principles, manager has main duties of management : 1.Planning 2.Organizing 3.Command 4.Co-ordination 5.Control

Bureaucracy Figures : Max Weber Legitimacy is central to all system of authority. Types of legitimate authority : 1.Rational legal 2.Traditional 3.Charismatic

Conclusions 1.The best way for organizations to be structured and operate 2.This approach founded the rule of law and legitimate managerial authority 3.Organizational are rational entities 4.Human fallibility and emotions should be eliminated 5.The most appropriate form of job design is achieved by the hierarchical and horizontal division of labour