Lesson 2 – LAYING THE FOUNDATION

Numbering systems (decimal, binary, hexadecimal, octal) Bandwidth terminology Basic Networking terms OVERVIEW

Bits Bytes Nibbles NUMBERING SYSTEMS

Tens position Ones position Least significant digit Most significant digit Decimal numbering system

Base-2 numbering system. Consists of 1’s and 0’s. A position corresponds to powers of 2. Has at least eight positions. Has the letter b at the end of the number. Binary numbering system

Base-8 numbering system. A position can have 0-7 numerals. Has a leading zero, percent symbol, or a trailing capital letter O. Octal numbering system

Base-16 numbering system. A position can have 15 numerals. Uses the A-F to represent extra numerals. Has a 0, then an x, followed by the number. Has the letter h at the end of the number. Hexadecimal numbering systems

Definition: BANDWIDTH is the amount of data that a connection can carry in a given period of time. BANDWIDTH TERMINOLOGY

Measured in bits per second (bps). Commonly used multiples: Thousands of bits per second (Kbps). Millions of bits per second (Mbps). Billions of bits per second (Gbps). Bandwidth terminology

Definition: HERTZ is the number of cycles being carried per second. Bandwidth terminology

Measured in bits per second (bps). Multiples include: Thousands of Hertz (KHz). Millions of Hertz (MHz). Bandwidth terminology

Numbering systems: Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal SUMMARY

Bandwidth terminology: Kbps Mbps Gbps KHz MHz Summary