Welcome to CHEMISTRY !!! An Observational Science An Experimental Science A Laboratory Science An Interesting Science An Important Science A “Hard” Science

What Happened To The Balloon? It was Whimpy and Broke! It was fearful of all of the people! Spyridis scared it! It got zapped by Klingons! Hydrogen burns!

2H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)  2 H 2 O (g) + Energy Hydrogen and oxygen are diatomic gases! Water can be a gas! ENERGY was given off!-- This is characteristic of an Exothermic Reaction! This is a balanced chemical reaction!

Chemistry Homework !!! Linus Pauling “ Chemistry is not a spectator sport, you must become involved, and that means that you must do homework!”

Chemistry 142 Appendix 1 and Appendix 2 Chapter #1- Chemists and Chemistry Chapter #2- Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter #3- Stoichiometry Chapter #20- The Nucleus: A Chemists View Chapter #4- Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter #5- Gases Chapter #6- Chemical Equilibrium Chapter #7- Acids and Bases Chapter #8- Applications of Aqueous Equilibria

Figure 1.4: The various parts of the scientific method

Artist's conception of the lost Mars Climate Orbiter. Source: NASA The folks at JPL assumed the thrust data for the rockets given to them by Lockeed Martin were in Metric units. They were in English units. RESULT: 125 MILLION DOLLARS WORTH OF SPACECRAFT BURNED UP IN THE MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE AFTER ENTERING ORBIT

On July 23, 1983 Air Canada flight 143, a , from Montreal to Edmonton literally ran out of fuel at 41,000 ft. Luckily, the pilot and co-pilot were able to glide the aircraft down and land at the airport in Gimli, Manitoba. Of the 69 passengers and 8 crew on board 10 were injured during landing, but there were no fatalities.

The ground crew loaded 22,300 lb of fuel onto the aircraft. The flight required 22,300 kg of fuel. 1 lb = kg The tanks had only 10,102 kg of fuel in them.

Units Used in Calculations Length : A car is 12 feet long, not “12” ! A person is 6 feet tall, not “6” ! Area : A carpet measuring 3 feet(ft) by 4 ft has an area of: ( 3 x 4 )( ft x ft ) = 12 ft 2 Speed and Distance : A car traveling 350 miles(mi) in 7 hours(hr) has a speed of: 350 mi / 7 hr = 50 mi / hr In 3 hours the car travels: 3 hr x 50 mi / hr = 150 mi

Derived SI Units Quantity Definition of Quantity SI unit Area Length squared m 2 Volume Length cubed m 3 Density Mass per unit volume kg/m 3 Speed Distance traveled per unit time m/s Acceleration Speed changed per unit time m/s 2 Force Mass times acceleration of object kgm/s 2 (= newton, N) Pressure Force per unit area N/(m 2 ) (= pascal, Pa) Energy Force times distance traveled kgm 2 /s 2 (= joule, J)