Intro to Theory of Mind (Next week)

Number Word Acquisition Acquisition of how count list represent numerosities Figure out what “one”, “two”, and “three” mean through PI (object files). Induction Figure out what unmapped # words is all about. I.e. How labeling each object of a set with a corresponding #, and final # = numerosity of set. Successor function: +1 How count list represent quantity & then is linked up to AM. Leftover

Language and Representation Number word (symbol) itself is the representation Allows representation of exact numerosity “seven” – seven objects Count list: Cultural artifact serving to enumerate objects Munduruku & Pirahã lack count list Leftover

Theory of Mind the ability to attribute mental states—beliefs, intents, desires, pretending, knowledge, etc.—to oneself and others and to understand that others have beliefs, desires and intentions that are different from one's own.

Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? 30 years later Call & Tomasello (2008) Optional paper

Reviewed in Call & Tomasello

Reviewed in Call & Tomasello Informed or not of food

Pointing Cooperative Behavior

Representing that others have False Belief false belief - a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning

Reviewed in Call & Tomasello Development: 3-year-old vs. 4-year-old te=hi&ch=5 Call & Tomasello (1999) “A Non-Verbal False Belief Task: The Performance of Children and Great Apes”

Experimental Setup Step 1: Understanding of Indication Method 1.H hides sticker in one of two identical boxes while C watches 2.Boxes then presented to child (Occluder removed) 3.C indicates hiding location 4.Participant guesses

Experimental Setup Visible Displacement 1. C indicates 2. C leaves 3. H moves sticker (A  B) 4. C returns 5. Participant guesses Invisible Displacement 1. C indicates 2. C leaves 3. H moves (swap) containers 4. C returns 5. Participant guesses Ignoring Communicator 1. C leaves 2. H moves sticker (A  B) 3. C returns 4. C indicates 5. Participant guesses False Belief 1. C leaves 2. H moves (swap) containers 3. C returns 4. C indicates 5. Participant guesses After H hides sticker behind occluder and presents the boxes.

Results

Language involvement in representation of false belief???

Onishi & Baillergeon VIDEO OF EXPERIMENTAL SETUP