Psychological Health Chapter 3

2 Psychological Health Psychological health versus psychological normality What is Mentally normal?

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4 Defining Psychological Health A negative definition A positive definition

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6 Mental Health Abraham Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Self-Actualized Realism Acceptance Autonomy Intimacy Creativity

7 Erikson's Eight Stages of Personality Development Trust versus mistrust Autonomy versus shame and self-doubt Initiative versus guilt Industry versus inferiority Identity versus identity confusion Intimacy versus isolation Generativity versus self-absorption Integrity versus despair

8 Meeting Life’s Challenges Growing Up Psychologically Adult identity Intimacy Values and Purpose

9 Achieving Healthy Self-esteem Positive Self Concept Meeting the Challenges Less Defensive Optimism

10 Honest Communications When you are the speaker: State your concern as clearly as possible. Take responsibility for your feelings; use “I” statements. Avoid generalizations. Avoid blaming, accusing, and belittling. Ask for action ahead of time, not after the fact. As a Listener: Don’t give unsolicited advice. Listen reflectively, Don’t interrupt, judge, blame,or evaluate. Really listen, Try to tune in to the other person’s feelings. Let the other person know that you value what he or she is saying and want to understand.

11 Loneliness Balance. Unhappiness with being alone. The passive feeling.

12 Dealing With Anger Distinguish between gratuitous expression a reasonable level of self- assertiveness. Manage your anger. Dealing with anger in other people.

13 Psychological Disorders Anxiety Simple, specific phobias Social phobias Panic disorders Generalized Anxiety disorder (GAD) Obsessive-Compulsive disorders (OCD) Compulsions Post-Traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) Treatment

14 Mood Disorders Depression Signs/Symptoms Potential of suicide Helping yourself or a friend Treatment Psychotherapy Drug therapy ECT

15 Mood Disorders Suicide Risk Factors Encouragement Treatment

16 Psychological Disorders Mania Bipolar Disorder Gender differences Schizophrenia General characteristics Disorganized thoughts Inappropriate emotions Delusions Auditory hallucinations Deteriorating social and work function

17 Models of Human Nature and Therapeutic Change Four Different perspectives 1. Biological – pharmacological therapy 2. Behavioral – Stimulus response reinforcement 3. Cognitive – Attitudes, behaviors and feelings 4. Psychodynamic – thoughts Evaluation of the models

18 Getting Help Self Help Books Writing a journal Social groups Peer counseling Professional Psychiatrists Clinical psychologists Social workers Licensed Counselors Clergy Treatment Team