RNA maturation, transport & localization RNA export to the cytoplasm: model systems RNA degradation RNA localization in the cytoplasm.

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RNA maturation, transport & localization RNA export to the cytoplasm: model systems RNA degradation RNA localization in the cytoplasm

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SUMMARY I.Multiple steps of mRNA biosynthesis are tightly coupled II.Mex67/TAP is one major mRNA export factor Binding to mRNA may already occur at the site of transcription III.Many questions remain - How are mRNA substrates released in the cytoplasm? - Are there multiple mRNA export pathways? - How is processing and transport coupled? etc.

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A. B. Casein mRNA prolactin ,000 mRNA/cell 300 mRNA/cell No change in transcription

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mRNA DECAY AAA m7Gppp poly A shorteningDeadenylase complex AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA m7Gppp DecapitationDecapping enzyme (DCP1 complex) AAA 5’-3’ exonucleolytic cleavageXrn1 complex

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m7Gppp Stop in penultimate exon/ 5’ of splicing mark AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA DecapitationDecapping enzyme (DCP1 complex) 5’-3’ exonucleolytic cleavageXrn1 complex Nonsense Mediated Decay AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

RNA localization mRNA can be localized to subcellular compartments by actin or tubulin-dependent processes Examples: Xenopus: Vg1 mRNA (TGF  ) to vegetal pole Drosophila: nanos, oskar mRNA (posterior) and bicoid (anterior) (requires mRNA binding protein staufen) (requires staufen and miranda) prospero (into ganglion of mother cells; neuroblast TF) Yeast: Ash1 mRNA to daughter cell

lamellipodia stainingperinuclear staining in myotubes

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SUMMARY 2 I.mRNA decay - regulated and non-regulated turn-over - ordered pathway (deadenylation, decapping, exonucleolytic degradation) - NMD: recognition of premature stop codons II.Cytoplasmic mRNA localization - ZIP code in 3’ UTR - both actin and tubulin-mediated - yeast mating type switch as a model: Ash1 mRNA localization (via 3’ UTR, She2/3, Myo4 and actin cables)