Identity and Access Management: Overview Rafal Lukawiecki Strategic Consultant, Project Botticelli Ltd Copyright 2006 © Microsoft Corp & Project Botticelli Ltd. E&OE. For informational purposes only. No warranties of any kind are made and you have to verify all information before relying on it. You can re-use this presentation as long as you read, agree, and follow the guidelines described in the “Comments” field in File/Properties. This presentation is based on work of many authors from Microsoft, Oxford Computer Group and other companies. Please see the “Introductions” presentation for acknowledgments.

2Objectives Build a good conceptual background to enable later technical discussions of the subject Overview the problems and opportunities in the field of identity and access management Introduce terminology Highlight a possible future direction

3 Session Agenda Identity Problem of Today Identity Laws and Metasystem Components and Terminology Roadmap

4 Identity Problem of Today

5 Universal Identity? Internet was build so that communications are anonymous In-house networks use multiple, often mutually- incompatible, proprietary identity systems Users are incapable of handling multiple identities Criminals love to exploit this mess

6 Explosion of IDs Pre 1980’s 1980’s1990’s2000’s # of Digital IDs Time Applications Mainframe Client Server Internet BusinessAutomation Company(B2E) Partners(B2B) Customers(B2C) Mobility

7 The Disconnected Reality “Identity Chaos” Lots of users and systems required to do business Multiple repositories of identity information; Multiple user IDs, multiple passwords Decentralized management, ad hoc data sharing Enterprise Directory HRSystem InfraApplication Lotus Notes Apps In-HouseApplication COTSApplication NOS In-HouseApplication Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data

8 Your COMPANY and your EMPLOYEES Your SUPPLIERS Your PARTNERS Your REMOTE and VIRTUAL EMPLOYEES Your CUSTOMERS Customer satisfaction & customer intimacy Cost competitiveness Reach, personalization Collaboration Outsourcing Faster business cycles; process automation Value chain M&A Mobile/global workforce Flexible/temp workforce Multiple Contexts

9 Trends Impacting Identity Increasing Threat Landscape Identity theft costs banks and credit card issuers $1.2 billion in 1 yr $250 billion lost in 2004 from exposure of confidential info Maintenance Costs Dominate IT Budget On average employees need access to 16 apps and systems Companies spend $20-30 per user per year for PW resets Deeper Line of Business Automation and Integration One half of all enterprises have SOA under development Web services spending growing 45% CAGR Rising Tide of Regulation and Compliance SOX, HIPAA, GLB, Basel II, 21 CFR Part 11, … $15.5 billion spend in 2005 on compliance (analyst estimate) Data Sources: Gartner, AMR Research, IDC, eMarketer, U.S. Department. of Justice

10 Business Owner End User IT Admin Developer Security/ Compliance Too expensive to reach new partners, channels Need for control Too many passwords Long waits for access to apps, resources Too many user stores and account admin requests Unsafe sync scripts Pain Points Redundant code in each app Rework code too often Too many orphaned accounts Limited auditing ability

11 Possible Savings Directory Synchronization “Improved updating of user data: $185 per user/year” “Improved list management: $800 per list” - Giga Information Group Password Management “Password reset costs range from $51 (best case) to $147 (worst case) for labor alone.” – Gartner User Provisioning “Improved IT efficiency: $70,000 per year per 1,000 managed users” “Reduced help desk costs: $75 per user per year” - Giga Information Group

12 Can We Just Ignore It All? Today, average corporate user spends 16 minutes a day logging on A typical home user maintains identities Number of phishing and pharming sites grew over 1600% over the past year Corporate IT Ops manage an average of 73 applications and 46 suppliers, often with individual directories Regulators are becoming stricter about compliance and auditing Orphaned accounts and identities lead to security problems Source: Microsoft’s internal research and Anti-phishing Working Group Feb 2005

13 One or Two Solutions? Better Option: Build a global, universal, federated identity metasystem Will take years… Quicker Option: Build an in-house, federated identity metasystem based on standards Federate it to others, system-by-system But: both solutions could share the same conceptual basis

14 Identity Laws and Metasystem

15 Lessons from Passport Passport designed to solve two problems Identity provider for MSN 250M+ users, 1 billion logons per day Significant success Identity provider for the Internet Unsuccessful: Not trusted “outside context” Not generic enough Meant giving up control over identity management Cannot re-write apps to use a central system Learning: solution must be different than Passport

16 Idea of an Identity Metasystem Not an Identity System Agreement on metadata and protocols, allowing multiple identity providers and brokers Based on open standards Supported by multiple technologies and platforms Adhering to Laws of Identity With full respect of privacy needs

17 Roles Within Identity Metasystem Identity Providers Organisations, governments, even end-users They provide Identity Claims about a Subject Name, vehicles allowed to drive, age, etc. Relying Parties Online services or sites, doors, etc. Subjects Individuals and other bodies that need its identity established

18 Metasystem Players Relying Parties Require identities Subjects Individuals and other entities about whom claims are made Identity Providers Issue identities

19 Identity Metasystem Today Basically, the set of WS-* Security Guidelines as we have it Plus Software that implements the services Microsoft and many others working on it Companies that would use it Still to come, but early adopters exist End-users that would trust it Will take time

20 Identity Laws User Control and Consent 2. Minimal Disclosure for a Constrained Use 3. Justifiable Parties 4. Directed Identity 5. Pluralism of Operators and Technologies 6. Human Integration 7. Consistent Experience Across Contexts

21 Enterprise Applicability That proposed metasystem would work well inside a corporation Of course, we need a solution before it becomes a reality Following the principles seems a good idea while planning immediate solutions Organic growth likely to lead to an identity metasystem in long term

22 Enterprise Trends Kerberos is very useful but increasingly it does not span disconnected identity forests and technologies easily We are moving away from static Groups and traditional ACLs… Increasingly limited and difficult to manage on large scales …towards a dynamic combination of: Role-Based Access Management, and, Rich Claims Authorization PKI is still too restrictive, but it is clearly a component of a possible solution

23 Components and Terminology

24 What is Identity Management? Provisioning Single Sign On PKI StrongAuthentication Federation Directories Authorization Secure Remote Access PasswordManagement Web Services Security Auditing & Reporting RoleManagement DigitalRightsManagement

25 Identity and Access Management The process of authenticating credentials and controlling access to networked resources based on trust and identity Repositories for storing and managing accounts, identity information, and security credentials The processes used to create and delete accounts, manage account and entitlement changes, and track policy compliance Directory Services Access Management Identity Lifecycle Management A system of procedures, policies and technologies to manage the lifecycle and entitlements of electronic credentials

26 Remember the Chaos? Enterprise Directory HRSystem InfraApplication Lotus Notes Apps In-HouseApplication COTSApplication NOS In-HouseApplication Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data

27 Identity Integration HRSystem InfraApplication Lotus Notes Apps In-HouseApplication COTSApplication StudentAdmin In-HouseApplication Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Authentication Authorization Identity Data Identity Integration Server Enterprise Directory

28 IAM Benefits Benefits to take you forward (Strategic) Benefits today (Tactical) Save money and improve operational efficiency Improved time to deliver applications and service Enhance Security Regulatory Compliance and Audit New ways of working Improved time to market Closer Supplier, Customer, Partner and Employee relationships

29 Some Basic Definitions Authentication (AuthN) Verification of a subject’s identity by means of relying on a provided claim Identification is sometimes seen as a preliminary step of authentication Collection of untrusted (as yet) information about a subject, such as an identity claim Authorization (AuthZ) Deciding what actions, rights or privileges can the subject be allowed Trend towards separation of those two Or even of all three, if biometrics are used

30 Components of IAM Administration User Management Password Management WorkflowDelegation Access Management AuthenticationAuthorization Identity Management Account Provisioning Account Deprovisioning Synchronisation Reliable Identity Data Administration Authorization Authentication

31 IAM Architecture

32Roadmap

33 Microsoft’s Identity Management PKI / CA Extended Directory Services Active Directory & ADAM Enterprise Single Sign On AuthorizationManager Active Directory Federation Services Audit Collection Services BizTalk Identity Integration Server ISAServer SQL Server Reporting Services for Unix / Services for Netware Directory (Store) Services AccessManagement IdentityLifecycleManagement

34 Components of a Microsoft-based IAM Infrastructure Directory Active Directory Application Directory AD/AM (LDAP) Lifecycle Management MIIS Workflow BizTalk, Partner Solutions (Ultimus BPM, SAP) Role-Based Access Control Authorization Manager or Partner Solutions (ex: OCG, RSA) and traditional approaches Directory & Password Synchronization MIIS & Partner solutions SSO (Intranet) Kerberos/NTLM, Vintela/Centrify Enterprise SSO (Intranet) Sharepoint ESSO, BizTalk ESSO, HIS ESSO Strong Authentication SmartCards, CA/PKI, Partner (eg. RSA – SecurID, Alacris, WizeKey) Web SSO ADFS, Partner (eg. RSA – ClearTrust) Integration of UNIX/Novell SFU, SFN, Partner (eg. Vintella/Centrify) FederationADFS

35Summary

36Summary We have reached an “Identity Crisis” both on the intranet and the Internet Identity Metasystem suggests a unifying way forward Meanwhile, Identity and Access Management systems need to be built so enterprises can benefit immediately Microsoft is rapidly becoming a strong provider of IAM technologies and IM vision & &

37 Special Thanks This seminar was prepared with the help of: Oxford Computer Group Ltd Expertise in Identity and Access Management (Microsoft Partner) IT Service Delivery and Training Microsoft, with special thanks to: Daniel Meyer – thanks for many slides Steven Adler, Ronny Bjones, Olga Londer – planning and reviewing Philippe Lemmens, Detlef Eckert – Sponsorship Bas Paumen & NGN - feedback

38Appendix

39 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services

40 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Provisioning Services Frontend Services

41 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Provisioning Services Frontend Services Web SSO Federated SSO Unix/Linux SSO Host SSO Remote Access Audit&Rep Access Services

42 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Web SSO Federated SSO Unix/Linux SSO Host SSO Remote Access Audit&Rep Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Desktop IDM Env.

43 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Web SSO Federated SSO Unix/Linux SSO Host SSO Remote Access Audit&Rep Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Desktop IDM Env. Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify

44 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Web SSO Federated SSO Unix/Linux SSO Host SSO Remote Access Audit&Rep Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Desktop IDM Env. Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services

45 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Unix/Linux SSO Host SSO Remote Access Audit&Rep Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Desktop IDM Env. Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Active Directory Federation Server

46 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Host SSO Remote Access Audit&Rep Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Desktop IDM Env. Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Active Directory Federation Server Quest /Centrify

47 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Access Audit&Rep Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Desktop IDM Env. Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Active Directory Federation Server Quest /Centrify HIS & ESSO ISA Server

48 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Desktop IDM Env. Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Active Directory Federation Server Quest /Centrify HIS & ESSO ISA Server MOM & ACS

49 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Active Directory Federation Server Quest /Centrify HIS & ESSO ISA Server MOM & ACS Info Card

50 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Active Directory Federation Server Quest /Centrify HIS & ESSO ISA Server MOM & ACS Info Card MS Alacris Windows PKI RMS Server Extended Directory Services

51 Identity Management Platform Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Frontend Services Access Services Quest / Centrify Sharepoint Active Directory Federation Server Quest /Centrify ISA Server MOM & ACS HIS/ESSO MS Alacris Windows PKI RMS Server Extended Directory Services Info Card IIS AzMan SQL-Server BizTalk

52 Identity Management Platform Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Frontend Services Access Services Quest / Centrify bHold Active Directory Federation Server Quest /Centrify ISA Server MOM & ACS HIS/ESSO MS Alacris Windows PKI RMS Server Extended Directory Services Info Card FastPass AVAC Quest Ultimus

53 Identity Management Platform User Management Infrastructure Management Network Security Access Control Network Management Service Management Directory Services Automated Synch. Automated Provisioning Password Management Self-Service Interface IDM Workflow Auditing & Reporting Policy Management Enterprise Role-Man. Enterprise User-Man. Remote Access Audit&Rep Provisioning Services Frontend Services Access Services Smardcard Management Certificate Management Information Rights Mgmt. Extended Directory Services Desktop IDM Env. Windows Server (Active Directory/ADAM, PKI, AzMan) Directory Services Quest / Centrify Microsoft Identity Integration Server Provisioning & Password Management Services Active Directory Federation Server Quest /Centrify HIS & ESSO