PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 1.

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PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 1 ВВЕДЕНИЕ Глава 1

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 2 Ключевые идеи Многие замечательные системы были отвергнуты, потому что специалисты пытались создать их без понимания организационной структуры. Главная цель - осознать выжность организационной структуры.

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 3 Основные идеи Системный аналитик - это ключевая фигура. Он анализирует бизнес, определяет возможности развития, и проектирует информационные системы для реализации новых идей. Важно осознать и развить на практике навыки, необходимые для успешного проектирования и реализации информационных систем.

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 4 ЭТАПЫ РАЗРАБОТКИ СИСТЕМЫ

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 5 Основные моменты Проект Moves systematically through phases where each phase has a standard set of outputs Produces project deliverables Uses deliverables in implementation Результаты отражаются в текущей информационной системе Уточнения производятся последовательно

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 6 Этапы создания проекта Планирование Для чего создается система? Аниализ Who, what, when, where will the system be? Проектирование Как система будет работать? Реализация Сдача системы

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 7 A “Simple” Process for Making Lunch

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 8 Оценка бизнеса Анилиз осуществимости Разработка плана работы Комплектация штата Управление и контроль над проектом Планирование

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 9 Анилиз Сбор информации Моделирование процесса Моделирование данных Анилиз

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 10 Физическое проектирование Структурное проектирование Проектирование интерфейса Проектирование базы данных и файлов Проектирование программы Проектирование

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 11 Построение Установка Реализация

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 12 Processes and Deliverables ProcessProduct Planning Analysis Design Implementation Project Plan System Proposal System Specification New System and Maintenance Plan

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 13 THE EVOLUTION OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 14 Что такое мотодология? Формализированный подход или последовательность действий Код программы без хорошо продуманной системы запросов может работать для небольших проектов, но редко для крупных.

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 15 Структурное проектирование Проект движется последовательно с одного этапа на другой Вообще говоря, один этап заканчивается до начала следующего

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 16 Метод Waterfall

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 17 Pros и Cons в методе Waterfall ProsCons Identifies systems requirements long before programming begins Design must be specified on paper before programming begins Long time between system proposal and delivery of new system

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 18 Альтернатива SDLC Быстрое Создание Приложений (RAD) Поэтапное Создание Приложений Макетирование Эксперементальное Макетирование

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 19 Быстрое Создание Приложений Необходимые элементы CASE tools JAD sessions Языки программирования 4ого поколения/визуальные Генерация кода

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 20 Виды Быстрого Создания Приложений Поэтапное Создание Приложений Набор версий Макетирование Системное Макетирование Эксперементальное Макетирование Проекционное Макетирование

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 21 Макетироавние. Принцип работы.

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 22 Эксперементальное Макетирование

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 23 Объектно-Ориентированный Анилиз и Проектирование Attempts to balance emphasis on data and process Uses Unified Modeling Language (UML) for diagramming Use-case Driven Architecture Centric Iterative and Incremental

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 24 ОСНОВНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ОБЪЕКТНО ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫХ СИСТЕМ

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 25 Основные элементы Классы -- шаблон для определения объектов Экземпляры-- конкретные представители класса Объекты -- составляющие части системы Аттрибуты -- описывают характер данных объекта Методы -- действия доступные объекту Сообщения -- интструкции направленные или полученные от других объектов

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 26 Класс его Объекты PATIENT -Name -Birthdate -Phone Number +Insert ()() +Delete ()() PATIENT 1: TOP PACKAGE: PATIENT -Name = Teresa Marks -Birthdate = March 16, Phone number = PATIENT 2: TOP PACKAGE: PATIENT -Name = Mel Bourne -Birthdate = May 11, Phone number = Attributes Methods Class Instantiated Objects of the Class

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 27 The Key to Reusability Information hiding is the principle that only information required to use the object is available outside the object Encapsulation is the mechanism that combines data and processes in a single object

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 28 Иерархия Классов

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 29 Наследование

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 30 Полиморфизм

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 31 ОБЪЕКТНО- ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ И ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ UML

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 32 UML The full UML provides 9 separate diagramming techniques

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 33 PROJECT TEAM ROLES AND SKILLS

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 34 Information Systems Roles Бизнес аналитик Системный аналитик Аналитик инфраструктуры Change management analyst Менеджер проекта

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 35 Итог -- Часть 1 Этапы создания проекта включают 4 стадии: Планирование, Анилиз, Проектирование, и Реализация Существует 3 основных метода разработки систем: метод водопада, RAD, и Объектно-Ориентированный подход.

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 36 Итог -- Часть 2 В Объектно-Ориентированном Проектирование существует 6 основных элементов: классы, объекты, экземпляры, аттрибуты, методы, и сообщения. В Объектно-Ориентированном подходе важны понятия Инкапсуляции, Наследования, и Полиморфизма Пять основных ролей: бизнес аналитик, системный аналитик, аналитик инфраструктуры, change management analyst и менеджер проекта.

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2001 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 37 Expanding the Domain For complete description of UML see: