Special Diodes
Describe and analyze the function and applications of: Zener Diodes
A zener diode is a diode with a defined value of reverse breakdown voltage A zener is used in reverse breakdown mode The voltage across a zener is more or less independent of the current through it The function of a zener is to provide a voltage reference or regulation in a circuit
Some important zener characteristics: Nominal Zener Voltage : 5.1V zener, 12V zener, etc. Maximum current is Maximum Power / Zener voltage. Nominal Bias Current: calculated as 10% of Maximum current. Tolerance on zener voltage, e.g. : 12V 5%, Maximum Power: 1 Watt zener, 5 Watt zener, etc. Temperature coefficient: by what % does zener voltage change as diode temp. changes 1 O C Dynamic Resistance (Rd): the change in zener voltage ( V) caused by a change in zener current ( I): Rd = V/ I
Key points: Vin > Vz Iz = (Vin – Vz)/Rs > Load Current 8.2V 1N4738A
Key points: Vin > Vz Iz = (Vin – Vz)/Rs > Load Current
Key points: Vin > Vz I RS = (Vin – Vz)/Rs > Load Current 8.2V
Suppose a 8.2 Volt zener is connected to a 12 Volt supply through a resistor. If we design the zener circuit to have a 15 mA zener current, and the load (RL) is 510 Ohms. Find the required resistor value to limit current (Rs). 8.2V 510 ohms 12V
Suppose a 8.2 Volt zener is connected to a 12 Volt supply through a resistor. The zener requires a 15 mA bias, and the load is 510 Ohms. Find the required resistor value. 1. Find load current: I L = 8.2V / 510 = mA 2. Find total current: I T = I L + I Z = (16.08mA + 15mA) = mA 3. Find drop across Rs: V R = 12V – 8.2V = 3.8 V 4. Find R: Rs = V R / I T = 3.8 V / mA = Ohms 5. Select standard value resistor that is less than calculated: R = 120 Ohms.