Aquatic Plants and the Environment (SWES, ECOL, WFSc 474/574) Nutrient Cycles in Wetlands Dr. Kevin Fitzsimmons Professor – University of Arizona.

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Presentation transcript:

Aquatic Plants and the Environment (SWES, ECOL, WFSc 474/574) Nutrient Cycles in Wetlands Dr. Kevin Fitzsimmons Professor – University of Arizona

Carbon Cycle C 6 H 12 O 6 6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 3O 2 sugars and other organics digestion and respiration + 3O 2 Photosynthesis sugars and other organics and oxygen water and carbon dioxide CH 3 CH 2 OCOOH (lactic acid) other acids (humic and tannic) CH 4 + CO x anaerobes, fermentation, and methanogens

Carbonate Cycle CO 2 + H 2 O H 2 CO 3 H + + HCO 3 - H + + CO 3 2- carbon dioxide dissolved in water carbonic acid bicarbonate ion carbonate ion

Carbonate cycle

Calcium, Silica, Carbon cycles

Nitrogen cycle Nitrogen is often a limiting element in freshwater aquatic system Adding nitrogen will cause rapid increase in primary productivity Nitrogen in anaerobic sediments - denitrification (reduction to NH 3 or N 2 gas)

Nitrogen cycle in aquatic systems

Phosphorus cycle Phosphorus and orthophosphate. Organic P decomposes and releases PO4, taken up by algae and plants or adsorbs to clay particles and precipitates. Anaerobic conditions can re-release P to water.

Sulphur cycle Organic sulphur, digested to sulphates, then reduced to sulphur dioxide, elemental sulphur or hydrogen sulfide

Saturated Soils Bacteria decompose organics, quickly use available DO Anaerobic conditions, anaerobes scavenge O release H + Reducing conditions Redox reactions in sediments / soils Oxidized Form Reduced Form Eh (mV) O2O2 H 2 O (CO 2 )350Aerobic respirationoxidizing conditions NO 3 - N2N2 250Denitrification Mn 4+ Mn Fe 3+ Fe Fe Reduction Gray (gley) SO 4 2- H2SH2S-150Sulfate Reduction Rotten Eggs CO 2 CH Methanogenesisreducing conditions

Hydric Soils Wetland Ecosystem Management