Connecting the Invisible Extremes of Computing David Culler U.C. Berkeley Summer Inst. on Invisible Computing July, 1999.

7/19/99invisible computing2 What I do Parallel Computer Architecture Lean Operating Systems Novel Programming Environments => Lean, Fast & Flexible Communication Primitives –Active Messages => Design of Federated Systems of Systems –NOW (Network of Workstation) Current Projects –Millennium: Campus-wide Cluster-of-Clusters Testbed –Ninja: Proactive Infrastructure Services –Endeavour: Information Utility based on Fluid Software –UCB (universal berkeley)

7/19/99invisible computing3 Expanding the Spectrum Desktops –max out at few 100M –in your face –connected to the infrastructure Ubiquitous Devices –billions –sensors / actuators –PDAs / smartphones / PCs –heterogeneous Service Path Scalable Infrastructure –highly available –persistent state (safe) –databases, agents –service programming environment

7/19/99invisible computing4 Issues Converge at the Extremes Powerful Services on “Small” Devices –massive computing and storage in the infrastructure –active adaptation of form and content “on the way” Lean, Flexible Communication Building-Blocks –simplicity is the key to efficiency Federated System of Systems Availability, Automatic Configuration and Management Plug it all together and have it DWYM!

7/19/99invisible computing5 Ninja Vision You walk into a room You have complete, secure, optimized access to local devices and your private resources Your PDA connects to the local infrastructure and asks it to build a custom GUI Next, your PDA asks the infrastructure for a path out to your personal information space, where agents are processing your , v-mail, faxes, and pages

7/19/99invisible computing6 Push Services into an Active Infrastructure Servers Clients Servers Infrastructure Services Open => enable Distributed Innovation of Scalable, Avail. Services

7/19/99invisible computing7 Millennium: Large-Scale Testbed Campus-wide cluster-of-clusters extended down Management by Services –push monitoring service into nodes Resource allocation by market services –banks, brokers, merchants Cell Phones PDAs Future Devices Wireless Desktop PCs Servers Clusters Massive Cluster Gigabit Ethernet

7/19/99invisible computing8 Endeavour Vision/Objective Enhancing human understanding through information technology –Make it dramatically more convenient for people to interact with information, devices, and other people –Supported by a “planetary-scale” Information Utility »Stress tested by challenging applications in decision making and learning »New methodologies for design, construction, and administration of systems of unprecedented scale and complexity –Figure of merit: how effectively we amplify and leverage human intellect A pervasive Information Utility, based on “fluid systems technology” to enable new approaches for problem solving & learning

7/19/99invisible computing9 Proposed Approach Information Devices –Beyond desktop computers to MEMS-sensors/actuators with capture/display to yield enhanced activity spaces Information Utility Information Applications –High Speed/Collaborative Decision Making and Learning –Augmented “Smart” Spaces: Rooms and Vehicles Design Methodology –User-centric Design with HW/SW Co-design; –Formal methods for safe and trustworthy decomposable and reusable components “Fluid”, Network-Centric System Software –Partitioning and management of state between soft and persistent state –Data processing placement and movement –Component discovery and negotiation –Flexible capture, self- organization, and re-use of information

7/19/99invisible computing10 What I’m looking for in an Architecture for Billions of Devices Reservoirs, Flows, Self-Checking

7/19/99invisible computing11 Natural Tides of Innovation Time Integration Innovation Log R Mainframe Minicomputer Personal Computer Workstation Server 2/99

7/19/99invisible computing12 universal Function: adjective 1 : including or covering all or a whole collectively or distributively without limit or exception 2 a : present or occurring everywhere b : existent or operative everywhere or under all conditions 3 a : embracing a major part or the greatest portion (as of mankind) b : comprehensively broad and versatile 4 a : affirming or denying something of all members of a class or of all values of a variable b : denoting every member of a class 5 : adapted or adjustable to meet varied requirements (as of use, shape, or size)