Linking cosmogenic 10 Be erosion-rate estimates with landscape variables: Compilation and consideration of multiple data sets from around the world Joanna M. Reuter 1 Paul R. Bierman 1, Milan J. Pavich 2, Jennifer Larsen 1, Robert C. Finkel 3 1 University of Vermont 2 USGS 3 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Funding: NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, USGS, University of Vermont, NSF EAR & EAR

Regions with 10 Be erosion rate data from sediment Published data from: Bierman and Caffee, 2001; Brown et al., 1995; Brown et al., 1998; Clapp et al., 2000; Clapp et al., 2002; Granger et al., 1996; Heimsath et al., 1997; Heimsath et al., 2001; Hewawasam, 2003; Kirchner et al., 2001; Matmon et al., 2003; Morel, 2003; Riebe et al., 2000; Riebe et al., 2003; Schaller et al., 2001; Vance et al., 2003 In press, in preparation, and unpublished data from: Bierman, Duncan, Johnsson, Nichols, Reuter, Safran

Erosion ratesLandscape characteristics Tectonics Topography Climate Vegetation Lithology Sediment yield Cosmogenic 10 Be in fluvial sediment Low temperature thermochronology (apatite fission track, (U-Th)/He) time scale

Erosion rates –Sediment yield Landscape characteristics Topography –Relief from Ahnert, 1970 Mean relief h (m) Mean denudation rate d (m/1,000 years) For example:

Erosion rates – 10 Be in fluvial sediment Landscape characteristics Topography –Relief from Vance et al., 2003 For example:

Cosmic ray bombardment produces 10 Be in quartz. O 10 Be Quartz Cosmic Rays

Depth (meters) Production Rate 10 Be is a proxy for erosion rate.

Regions with 10 Be erosion rate data from sediment Published data from: Bierman and Caffee, 2001; Brown et al., 1995; Brown et al., 1998; Clapp et al., 2000; Clapp et al., 2002; Granger et al., 1996; Heimsath et al., 1997; Heimsath et al., 2001; Hewawasam, 2003; Kirchner et al., 2001; Matmon et al., 2003; Morel, 2003; Riebe et al., 2000; Riebe et al., 2003; Schaller et al., 2001; Vance et al., 2003 In press, in preparation, and unpublished data from: Bierman, Duncan, Johnsson, Nichols, Reuter, Safran

10 KILOMETERS

Topography -- Tectonics Climate Vegetation ---- SRTM and NED Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Project Leemans & Cramer AVHRR Tree Cover

Topography -- Tectonics Climate Vegetation ---- Lithology SRTM and NED Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Project Leemans & Cramer AVHRR Tree Cover available in some regions, not globally

Lithology Susquehanna River, USA Sandstone Shale Valley and Ridge samples n = 17 n = 9

Lithology Rio Puerco, New Mexico, USA 10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Score of erodibility R 2 = 0.35 p < 0.001

Mean tree cover in basin (percent) 10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Vegetation Rio Puerco

Mean tree cover in basin (percent) 10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Vegetation n = 454

Mean annual precipitation in basin (millimeters) 10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Climate n = 454

Precipitation of 3 driest months/total precipitation 10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Climate uniformseasonal n = 454 R 2 = 0.37 p < 0.001

Relief from max-min elevation (meters) in 25 km 2 cells 10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Topography n = 454 R 2 = 0.42 p < 0.001

Mean slope of basin (degrees) 10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Topography n = 454 R 2 = 0.39 p < 0.001

10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Mean basin elevation (meters) Topography n = 454 R 2 = 0.44 p < 0.001

Peak ground acceleration (m/s 2 ) with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years 10 Be erosion rate (meters per million years) Tectonics n = 454 R 2 = 0.50 p < 0.001

Summary Lithology Rock Type (Susquehanna) Erodibility metric (Rio Puerco) No Yes Vegetation Tree coverNo Climate Mean annual precipitation Seasonality of precipitation No Yes Topography Slope Relief Elevation Yes Tectonics Seismic hazard assessmentYes Relates to 10 Be erosion rate? Landscape characteristic Metric