Mastering NT Greek 21. Perfect Participles By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003 Baker Academic

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer Pa qe qe<lhma< sou, let be will your

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer w[j e]n ou]ran&? kai> e]pi> gh?j: as in heaven also on earth to>n h[mw?n to>n the bread our e]piou j h[mi?n sh e]pi> gh?j: as in heaven also on earth to>n h[mw?n to>n the bread our e]piou j h[mi?n sh<meron: daily give us today

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer kai> h[mi?n ta> o]feilh h[mei?j a]fh h[mi?n ta> o]feilh h[mei?j a]fh<kamen as also we have forgiven toi?j o]feile<taij h[mw?n the ones trespassing us

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer kai> mh> ei]sene r[u?sai h[ma?j a]po> but deliver use from tou? ponhrou? the evil one kai> mh> ei]sene r[u?sai h[ma?j a]po> but deliver use from tou? ponhrou? the evil one

2-1-2 Paradigms lo<goj grafh< i[ero<n lo<gou grafh?j i[erou? lo<g& graf^? i[er&? lo<gon grafh<n i[ero<n lo<goi grafai< i[era< lo<gwn grafw?n i[erw?n lo<goij grafai?j i[eroi?j lo<gouj grafa<j i[era< lo<goj grafh< i[ero<n lo<gou grafh?j i[erou? lo<g& graf^? i[er&? lo<gon grafh<n i[ero<n lo<goi grafai< i[era< lo<gwn grafw?n i[erw?n lo<goij grafai?j i[eroi?j lo<gouj grafa<j i[era<

3 rd Declension Chantables xari<j pi<stij xari<j pi<stij xa<rij pi<stij xa<rij pi<stij xa<ritoj o]no<matoj pi<stewj xa<ritoj o]no<matoj pi<stewj xa<riti o]no<mati pi<stei xa<riti o]no<mati pi<stei xa<rita pi<stin xa<rita pi<stin xa<ritej o]no<mata pi<steij xa<ritej o]no<mata pi<steij xari<twn o]noma<twn pi<stewn xari<twn o]noma<twn pi<stewn xa<risi(n) o]no<masi(n) pi<stesi(n) xa<risi(n) o]no<masi(n) pi<stesi(n) xa<ritaj o]no<mata pi<steij xa<ritaj o]no<mata pi<steij

Present Active Indicative Verbs lu<w lu<omen lu<eij lu<ete lu<ei lu<ousi(n) lu<w lu<omen lu<eij lu<ete lu<ei lu<ousi(n)

Present Middle/Passive Indicative lu<omai, -o<meqa, lu<omai, -o<meqa, -^, -esqe, -^, -esqe, -etai, -ontai -etai, -ontai

Shape of the Future in Greek lu<sw lu<somen I will loose We will loose lu<seij lu<sete You will loose You all will loose lu<sei lu<sousi(n) He/she/it will loose They will loose lu<sw lu<somen I will loose We will loose lu<seij lu<sete You will loose You all will loose lu<sei lu<sousi(n) He/she/it will loose They will loose

Future Middle Paradigm lu<somai --omeqa --^ --esqe --etai --ontai lu<somai --omeqa --^ --esqe --etai --ontai

Imperfect Active Paradigm of lu<w I was loosing e]lu<omen e]lu<ete I was loosing e]lu<omen e]lu<ete Chant: : n s e men te n Chant: : n s e men te n

Imperfect Middle/Passive of lu<w Imperfect Middle/Passive of lu<w e]luo<mhn I was being loosed e]luo<mhn I was being loosed e]luo<mhn e]luo<meqa e]lu<ou e]lu<esqe e]lu<eto e]lu<onto e]luo<mhn e]luo<meqa e]lu<ou e]lu<esqe e]lu<eto e]lu<onto Chant: e]luo<mhn : ou eto omeqa esqe onto Chant: e]luo<mhn : ou eto omeqa esqe onto

Second Aorist Active Paradigm (lamba<nw) I took (lamba<nw) I took 1 e]la<bomen 2 e]la<bete 3 1 e]la<bomen 2 e]la<bete 3 Chant : n, s, e, men, te, n Chant : n, s, e, men, te, n

Second Aorist Middle e]geno<mhn I became (gi<nomai) e]geno<mhn I became (gi<nomai) 1 e]geno<mhn e]geno<meqa 2 e]ge<nou e]ge<nesqe 3 e]ge<neto e]ge<nonto 1 e]geno<mhn e]geno<meqa 2 e]ge<nou e]ge<nesqe 3 e]ge<neto e]ge<nonto Chant: e]geno<mhn ou, eto, omeqa, esqe, onto Chant: e]geno<mhn ou, eto, omeqa, esqe, onto

1st Aorist Active Paradigm I loosed I loosed e]lu<samen e]lu<sate e]lu<samen e]lu<sate Chant: --, s, e, men, te, n Chant: --, s, e, men, te, n

1st Aorist Middle Paradigm e]lusa<mhn I loosed (for myself) e]lusa<mhn I loosed (for myself) e]lusa<mhn e]lusa<meqa e]lu<sasqe e]lusa<mhn e]lusa<meqa e]lu<sasqe Chant: e]lusa<mhn : w, ato, ameqa, asqe, anto

First Aorist Passives e]lu<qhn I was loosed e]lu<qhn I was loosed 1 e]lu<qhn e]lu<qhmen 2 e]lu<qhj e]lu<qhte 3 e]lu<qh e]lu<qhsan 1 e]lu<qhn e]lu<qhmen 2 e]lu<qhj e]lu<qhte 3 e]lu<qh e]lu<qhsan Learn: e]lu<qhn n, s, --, men, te, san Learn: e]lu<qhn n, s, --, men, te, san

Future Passive luqh<somai I will be loosed luqh<somai I will be loosed 1. luqh<somai luqhso<meqa 1. luqh<somai luqhso<meqa 2. luqh<s^ luqh<sesqe 2. luqh<s^ luqh<sesqe 3. luqh<setai luqh<sontai 3. luqh<setai luqh<sontai Chant: luqh<somai – Chant: luqh<somai – ^, etai, omeqa, esqe, ontai ^, etai, omeqa, esqe, ontai

Aorist Stem Changes -- 9 to know o[ra<w == ei#don (I saw) – ble<pw o[ra<w == ei#don (I saw) – ble<pw == h#lqon (I came, went) == h#lqon (I came, went) le<gw == ei#pon (I said) le<gw == ei#pon (I said) ba<llw == (I threw) ba<llw == (I threw) gi<nomai == e]geno<mhn (I became) gi<nomai == e]geno<mhn (I became) ginw<skw == (I knew) ginw<skw == (I knew) eu[ri<skw == eu$ron (I found) eu[ri<skw == eu$ron (I found) == ( I had) == ( I had) lamba<nw == (I took) lamba<nw == (I took)

The "is" verb PAI -- ei]mi< ei]mi< I am e]sme<n We are ei# You are e]ste< You are e]sti<(n) He/she/it is ei]si<(n) They are ei]mi< I am e]sme<n We are ei# You are e]ste< You are e]sti<(n) He/she/it is ei]si<(n) They are

The "was" verb IAI -- ei]mi< I was h#men We were h#j You were h#te You were h#n He/she/it was h#san They were I was h#men We were h#j You were h#te You were h#n He/she/it was h#san They were

Person Personal Pronoun Chant Person Personal Pronoun Chant Singular Plural Singular Plural Nom. e]gw< su < h[mei?j Nom. e]gw< su < h[mei?j Gen. mou sou h[mw?n Dat. moi soi h[mi?n Acc. me se h[ma<j Gen. mou sou h[mw?n Dat. moi soi h[mi?n Acc. me se h[ma<j au]to<j, au]th, au]to< (he, she, it) au]to<j, au]th, au]to< (he, she, it)

Chanting the Participle Present Active: ptc = participle Present Active: ptc = participle Nom. lu<wn lu<ousa lu?on Gen. lu<ontoj lu<oushj lu<ontoj Nom. lu<wn lu<ousa lu?on Gen. lu<ontoj lu<oushj lu<ontoj First Aorist Active (chant) First Aorist Active (chant) Nom. lu<saj lu<sasa lu?san Gen. lu<santoj lusa<shj lu<santoj Nom. lu<saj lu<sasa lu?san Gen. lu<santoj lusa<shj lu<santoj

Chanting the Participle First Aorist Passive (chant) First Aorist Passive (chant) Nom. luqei<j luqei?sa luqe<n Gen. luqe<ntoj luqei<shj luqe<ntoj Nom. luqei<j luqei?sa luqe<n Gen. luqe<ntoj luqei<shj luqe<ntoj

Perfect Participles Translations Translations Adverbial = “after having driven” Adverbial = “after having driven” Adjectival Attributive = “the girl having spoken” Adjectival Attributive = “the girl having spoken” Substantive = “the one who has run” Substantive = “the one who has run”

Perfect Active Participle formation Active Masc/Neut + ot Active Masc/Neut + ot Redup Stem Perf k Ptc 3/3 endings le + lu + k + ot + oj Redup Stem Perf k Ptc 3/3 endings le + lu + k + ot + oj Active Fem + ui Active Fem + ui Redup Stem Perf k Ptc 1 endings le + lu + k + ui + a Redup Stem Perf k Ptc 1 endings le + lu + k + ui + a

Perfect Active Ptc Paradigm Perfect Active Participles Perfect Active Participles Singular Masc 3 Fem 1 Neuter 3 Singular Masc 3 Fem 1 Neuter 3 Nom. lelukw<j lelukui?a leluko<j Gen. leluko<toj lelukui<aj leluko<toj Dat. leluko<ti lelukui<% leluko<ti Acc. leluko<ta lelukui?an leluko<j Nom. lelukw<j lelukui?a leluko<j Gen. leluko<toj lelukui<aj leluko<toj Dat. leluko<ti lelukui<% leluko<ti Acc. leluko<ta lelukui?an leluko<j In the Neut. Nom/Acc. kotj  koj In the Neut. Nom/Acc. kotj  koj

Perfect Active Ptc Paradigm Perfect Active Participles Perfect Active Participles Plural Masc 3 Fem 1 Neuter 3 Plural Masc 3 Fem 1 Neuter 3 Nom. leluko<tej lelukui?ai leluko<ta Gen. leluko<twn lelukuiw?n leluko<twn Dat. leluko<si(n) lelukui<aij leluko<si(n) Acc. leluko<taj lelukui?aj leluko<ta Nom. leluko<tej lelukui?ai leluko<ta Gen. leluko<twn lelukuiw?n leluko<twn Dat. leluko<si(n) lelukui<aij leluko<si(n) Acc. leluko<taj lelukui?aj leluko<ta

Perfect Passive Participle formation Middle/Passive Middle/Passive Redup Stem Ptc endings Redup Stem Ptc endings le + lu + men + oj le + lu + men + h le + lu + men + on le + lu + men + oj le + lu + men + h le + lu + men + on

Perfect Mid/Passive Ptc Paradigm Perfect Mid/Pass Participles Perfect Mid/Pass Participles Singular Masc 2 Fem 1 Neuter 2 Singular Masc 2 Fem 1 Neuter 2 Nom. lelume<noj lelume<nh lelume<non Gen. leluome<nou lelume<nhj lelume<nou Dat. leluomen& lelume<n^ lelume<n& Acc. leluome<non lelume<nhn lelume<non Nom. lelume<noj lelume<nh lelume<non Gen. leluome<nou lelume<nhj lelume<nou Dat. leluomen& lelume<n^ lelume<n& Acc. leluome<non lelume<nhn lelume<non

Perfect Mid/Passive Ptc Paradigm Perfect Mid/Pass Participles Perfect Mid/Pass Participles Plural Masc 2 Fem 1 Neuter 2 Plural Masc 2 Fem 1 Neuter 2 Nom. lelume<noi lelume<nai lelume<na Gen. lelume<nwn lelume<nwn lelume<nwn Dat. lelume<noij lelume<naij lelume<noij Acc. lelume<nouj lelume<naj lelume<na Nom. lelume<noi lelume<nai lelume<na Gen. lelume<nwn lelume<nwn lelume<nwn Dat. lelume<noij lelume<naij lelume<noij Acc. lelume<nouj lelume<naj lelume<na

What to know Perfect Active Participles (know these) Perfect Active Participles (know these) lelukw<j lelukui?a leluko<j leluko<tojlelukui<aj leluko<toj lelukw<j lelukui?a leluko<j leluko<tojlelukui<aj leluko<toj Perfect Middle/Passives Participles Perfect Middle/Passives Participles lelume<nojlelume<nh lelume<non lelume<nou lelume<nhj lelume<nou lelume<nojlelume<nh lelume<non lelume<nou lelume<nhj lelume<nou

Second Perfects gi<nomai  gegenw<j, -otoj gi<nomai  gegenw<j, -otoj  e]lhluqw<j, -otoj  e]lhluqw<j, -otoj

Ptc. Translating summary: Active Present Adverbial: While loosing Aorist Adverbial: After loosing Perfect Adverbial: After having loosed Present Adverbial: While loosing Aorist Adverbial: After loosing Perfect Adverbial: After having loosed Present Adjectival: The boy who is loosing Aorist Adjectival: The girl who was loosing Perf Adjectival: The crowd having loosed Present Adjectival: The boy who is loosing Aorist Adjectival: The girl who was loosing Perf Adjectival: The crowd having loosed Present Substantive: The one who is loosing Aorist Substantive: The one who was loosed Perf. Substantive: The one who has loosed Present Substantive: The one who is loosing Aorist Substantive: The one who was loosed Perf. Substantive: The one who has loosed

Ptc. Translating summary: Passive Present Adverbial: While being loosed Aorist Adverbial: After being loosed Perfect Adverbial: After having been loosed Present Adverbial: While being loosed Aorist Adverbial: After being loosed Perfect Adverbial: After having been loosed Present Adjectival: The boy who is loosed Aorist Adjectival: The girl who was loosed Perf Adjectival: The crowd having been loosed Present Adjectival: The boy who is loosed Aorist Adjectival: The girl who was loosed Perf Adjectival: The crowd having been loosed Present Substantive: The one who is loosed Aorist Substantive: The one who was loosed Perfect Substantive: The one having been loosed Present Substantive: The one who is loosed Aorist Substantive: The one who was loosed Perfect Substantive: The one having been loosed

Periphrastics What is a periphrastic? What is a periphrastic? Ei]mi< + Participle that is translated like a regular verb. Pulls the person from the ei]mi< and the tense from the combination Ei]mi< + Participle that is translated like a regular verb. Pulls the person from the ei]mi< and the tense from the combination No aorist because of the durative/continuous nature of the periphrastics. No aorist because of the durative/continuous nature of the periphrastics. No elements may come between the ei]mi and the participle. No elements may come between the ei]mi and the participle.

Periphrastic Example Mo a]kou a]kou<ontej h#san o!ti But only, they were hearing that But only, they were hearing that

Translating Periphrastics Present Tense = Present ei]mi + present ptc Present Tense = Present ei]mi + present ptc Imperfect Tense = Imperfect ei]mi + present ptc Imperfect Tense = Imperfect ei]mi + present ptc Future Tense = Future ei]mi + present ptc Future Tense = Future ei]mi + present ptc Perfect Tense = Present ei]mi + Perf ptc Perfect Tense = Present ei]mi + Perf ptc Pluperfect Tense = Imperfect ei]mi + Perf ptc Pluperfect Tense = Imperfect ei]mi + Perf ptc Future Perfect Tense = Future ei]mi + Perf ptc Future Perfect Tense = Future ei]mi + Perf ptc

Genitive Absolute A participle and noun/pronoun in the genitive that is loosely connected to the rest of the sentence. “Absolutus” = separated A participle and noun/pronoun in the genitive that is loosely connected to the rest of the sentence. “Absolutus” = separated The genitive noun is often taken as the subject of the sentence. The genitive noun is often taken as the subject of the sentence. The genitive absolute seems to be used when there is a major shift of characters in the narrative (Stevens, 300). The genitive absolute seems to be used when there is a major shift of characters in the narrative (Stevens, 300).

Genitive Absolute example Example: Example: tou? de> ]Ihsou? genome tou? de> ]Ihsou? genome But while Jesus was in Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, a woman came… But while Jesus was in Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, a woman came…

Chapter 21 Vocabulary Chapter 21 Vocabulary a]noi<gw a]noi<gw I open I open

Chapter 21 Vocabulary bapti<zw bapti<zw I baptize I baptize

Chapter 21 Vocabulary eu]agge<lion, -ou, to< eu]agge<lion, -ou, to< gospel gospel

Chapter 21 Vocabulary marture<w marture<w I witness I witness

Chapter 21 Vocabulary pe<mpw pe<mpw I send I send

Chapter 21 Vocabulary pronhro<j, -a<, -o<n pronhro<j, -a<, -o<n evil, bad evil, bad

Chapter 21 Vocabulary pro<swpon, -ou, to< pro<swpon, -ou, to< face face

Chapter 21 Vocabulary shmei?on, -ou, to< shmei?on, -ou, to< sign, miracle sign, miracle

Chapter 21 Vocabulary sto<ma, -atoj, to< sto<ma, -atoj, to< mouth mouth

Chapter 21 Vocabulary u[pa<gw u[pa<gw I go away I go away

Vocabulary Review

Chapter 1 Vocabulary angel, messenger -ou, o[ verily, truly a]mh<n man, humankind -ou, o[ I e]gw< e]gw<God qeo<j, -ou?, o[

Chapter 1 Vocabulary and, also, even kai<heart kardi<a, -aj, h[ I say I sayle<gwprophet profh<thj, -ou, o[ Christ, Messiah Xristo<j, -ou?, o[

Chapter 2 Vocabulary brother brother a]delfo<j, -ou?, o[ a]delfo<j, -ou?, o[ I hear, obey I hear, obey a]kou<w a]kou<w glory, fame glory, fame do<ca, -hj, h[ do<ca, -hj, h[ I have I have world world ko<smoj, -ou, o[ ko<smoj, -ou, o[

Chapter 2 Vocabulary Lord, sir Lord, sir ku<rioj, -ou, o[ ku<rioj, -ou, o[ word word lo<goj, -ou, o[ lo<goj, -ou, o[ Peter Peter Pe<troj, -ou, o[ Pe<troj, -ou, o[ son son ui[o<j, -ou?, o[ ui[o<j, -ou?, o[ Pharisee Pharisee Farisai?oj, -ou, o[ Farisai?oj, -ou, o[

Chapter 3 Vocabulary but, yet but, yet a]lla< a]lla< apostle, sent one apostle, sent one a]po<stoloj, -ou, o[ a]po<stoloj, -ou, o[ I see I see ble<pw ble<pw for, then for, then ga<r ga<r I know I know ginw<skw ginw<skw

Chapter 3 Vocabulary Jesus Jesus ]Ihsou?j, -ou?, o[ ]Ihsou?j, -ou?, o[ I take, receive I take, receive lamba<nw lamba<nw I loose I loose lu<w lu<w heaven heaven ou]rano<j, -ou?, o[ ou]rano<j, -ou?, o[ I believe I believe pisteu<w pisteu<w

Chapter 4 Vocabulary I love I love a]gapa<w a]gapa<w I write I write gra<fw gra<fw but, and but, and de< de< servant, slave servant, slave dou?loj, -ou, o[ dou?loj, -ou, o[ I find I find eu[ri<skw eu[ri<skw

Chapter 4 Vocabulary temple temple i[ero<n, -ou?, to< i[ero<n, -ou?, to< people people lao<j, -ou?, o[ lao<j, -ou?, o[ law law no<moj, -ou, o[ no<moj, -ou, o[ house house oi#koj, -ou, o[ oi#koj, -ou, o[ as, about, how as, about, how w[j w[j

Chapter 5 Vocabulary love love a]ga<ph, -hj, h[ a]ga<ph, -hj, h[ truth truth a]lh<qeia, -aj, h[ a]lh<qeia, -aj, h[ sin sin a[marti<a, -aj, h[ a[marti<a, -aj, h[ kingdom kingdom basilei<a, -aj, h[ basilei<a, -aj, h[ writing, Scripture writing, Scripture grafh<, -h?j, h[ grafh<, -h?j, h[

Chapter 5 Vocabulary I raise up I raise up e]gei<rw e]gei<rw assembly, church assembly, church e]kklhsi<a, -aj, h[ e]kklhsi<a, -aj, h[ work work -ou, to< -ou, to< disciple disciple maqhth<j, -ou, o[ maqhth<j, -ou, o[ hour hour w!ra, -aj, h[ w!ra, -aj, h[

Chapter 6 Vocabulary from (Gen.) from (Gen.) a]po< a]po< through (Gen.) through (Gen.) dia< dia< on account of (Acc.) on account of (Acc.) dia< dia< into (Acc.) into (Acc.) ei]j ei]j

Chapter 6 Vocabulary out of (Gen.) out of (Gen.) e]k e]k in (Dat.) in (Dat.) e]n e]n on, over (Gen.) on, over (Gen.) e]pi< e]pi< on, at, against, on the basis of (Dat.) on, at, against, on the basis of (Dat.) epi< epi<

Chapter 6 Vocabulary on, to, toward, against (Acc.) on, to, toward, against (Acc.) e]pi< e]pi< down, against (Gen.) down, against (Gen.) kata< kata< according to (Acc.) according to (Acc.) kata< kata< with (+ Gen.) with (+ Gen.) meta< meta<

Chapter 6 Vocabulary after, behind (+ Acc.) after, behind (+ Acc.) meta< meta< about, concerning (+ Gen.) about, concerning (+ Gen.) peri< peri< around, near (+ Acc.) around, near (+ Acc.) peri< peri< to (+ Acc.) to (+ Acc.) pro<j pro<j

Chapter 7 Vocabulary good good a]gaqo<j, -h<, -o<n a]gaqo<j, -h<, -o<n holy holy a!gioj, -a, -on a!gioj, -a, -on righteous righteous di<kaioj, -a, -on di<kaioj, -a, -on I am I am ei]mi< ei]mi<

Chapter 7 Vocabulary Jewish Jewish ]Ioudai?oj, -a, -on ]Ioudai?oj, -a, -on great great me<gaj, mega<lh, me<ga me<gaj, mega<lh, me<ga dead dead nekro<j, -a<, -o<n nekro<j, -a<, -o<n no, not no, not ou], ou]k, ou]x ou], ou]k, ou]x

Chapter 7 Vocabulary first first prw?toj, -h, -on prw?toj, -h, -on voice voice fwnh<, -h?j, h[ fwnh<, -h?j, h[

Chapter 8 Vocabulary he/she/it he/she/it au]to<j, -h<, -o< au]to<j, -h<, -o< land, earth, region land, earth, region gh?, -h?j, h[ gh?, -h?j, h[ I, we I, we e]gw<, h[mei?j e]gw<, h[mei?j day day h[me<ra, -aj, h[ h[me<ra, -aj, h[

Chapter 8 Vocabulary so, then, therefore so, then, therefore ou#n ou#n crowd crowd -ou, o[ -ou, o[ from (with Gen.) from (with Gen.) para< para< beside, with (with Dat.) beside, with (with Dat.) para< para<

Chapter 8 Vocabulary alongside, beside (with Acc.) alongside, beside (with Acc.) para< para< that, so that that, so that o!ti o!ti you, you (pl.) you, you (pl.) su<, u[mei?j su<, u[mei?j by, at the hands of (with Gen.) by, at the hands of (with Gen.) u[po< u[po< under, below (with Acc.) under, below (with Acc.) u[po< u[po<

Chapter 9 Vocabulary I answer I answer a]pokri<nomai a]pokri<nomai I send I send a]poste<llw a]poste<llw I throw I throw ba<llw ba<llw I become I become gi<nomai gi<nomai

Chapter 9 Vocabulary I come in I come in ei]se<rxomai ei]se<rxomai I go out I go out e]ce<rxomai e]ce<rxomai I come/go I come/go I wish I wish qe<lw qe<lw

Chapter 9 Vocabulary thus, so thus, so ou!twj ou!twj I go I go poreu<omai poreu<omai

Chapter 10 Vocabulary life life zwh<, -h?j, h[ zwh<, -h?j, h[ death death qa<natoj, -ou, o[ qa<natoj, -ou, o[ I judge I judge kri<nw kri<nw I remain I remain me<nw me<nw only, alone only, alone mo<noj, -h, -on mo<noj, -h, -on

Chapter 10 Vocabulary now now nu?n nu?n and not, nor and not, nor ou]de< ou]de< Paul Paul Pau?loj Pau?loj I save I save s&zw s&zw then then to<te to<te