Developmental Neurobiology Fall 2005 Credit: Two Time: 1:30 PM-3:30 PM, Tuesday Place: 316, 3rd Floor, Nursing Building Instructors: 范明基 ( ), 簡正鼎 ( ) Textbook: 1. The Developing Brain, Brown, Keynes, Lumsden, 2001, Oxford University Press. 2. Developmental Biology, 7th edition, 2003, by Scott F. Gilbert.

DateSubject 9/13Organization meeting, Model systems (C1) 范 9/20Neural induction (C2) 范 9/27Patterning the CNS in vertebrate (C3, C4) 范 10/4Patterning the nervous system in Drosophila (C3, C4) 簡 10/11Cell fate paper discussion (3 hours) 范 10/18Cell fate paper discussion (3 hours) 簡 10/25Growth and guidance of axons and dendrites (C9) 簡 11/1Drosophila axon guidance paper discussion 簡 11/8The formation of topographic maps (C10) 簡 11/15Mid-term examination (Homework writing) 范 / 簡 11/22Drosophila Synapse formation and neuronal connection 簡 11/29Paper discussion 簡 12/6Development of cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex (C7) 范 12/13Development of sense organs (C8) 范 12/20Paper discussion (3 hours) 范 12/27Nerve cell death, neurotrophic factors (C12, C13) 范 1/3Trophic interactions, axon regeneration (C16, C17) 范 1/10Oral examination 范

How to prepare the course 1. Read in advance. 2. Discuss in the class and after the class. 3. When make a presentation, read the content again Grading 1. Participation in the class, quiz: 30% 2. Presentation: 20% 3. Term papers: 30% 4. Final oral examination: 20%

Nervous system: Molecular Cell Biology, C21

Model systems for the study of neural development 1. grasshopper, large embryo cells, easy for lineage tracing and axonal pathway. 2. D. melanogaster, genetics and gene perturbation. 3. C. elegans, few cells, known lineage, transparent, easy direct observation, genetics, nerve cell death, axon guidance. 4. leech, easy labeled large cells. 5. Hydra attenuata, simple, continuous remodeling nerve nets 6. Aplysia californica, large neurons and synapses, synaptic basis for learning 7. Zebrafish, transparent, genetics 8. Xenopus laevis, large egg, early embryos 9. Gallus domesticus, embryo manipulation, chick-quail chimera 10. Mouse, spontaneous mutant, genetics 11. Rat, ferret, cat, and monkey

Model systems for the study of neural development 1. grasshopper, large embryo cells, easy for lineage tracing and axonal pathway. 2. D. melanogaster, genetics and gene perturbation. 3. C. elegans, few cells, known lineage, transparent, easy direct observation, genetics, nerve cell death, axon guidance. 4. leech, easy labeled large cells. 5. Hydra attenuata, simple, continuous remodeling nerve nets 6. Aplysia californica, large neurons and synapses, synaptic basis for learning 7. Zebrafish (Danio rerio), transparent, genetics 8. Xenopus laevis, large egg, early embryos 9. Gallus domesticus, embryo manipulation, chick-quail chimera 10. Mouse, spontaneous mutant, genetics 11. Rat, ferret, cat, and monkey

Mophogenesis of the invertebrate nervous system brain: supraoesophageal, suboesophageal ganglia, circumoesophageal connectives posterior: segamental ganglia Neurogenic ectoderm neuroblasts PNS 1. sensory 2. SNS (stomatogastric)

Stomatogastric nervous system (SNS), part of PNS, similar to enteric nervous system, derived from placode, and migration.

Morphogenesis of vertebrate nervous system Gastrulation, neural induction, neural ectoderm, neural plate p5

Neurulation, neural plate, neural folds, neural tube, floor plate, notochord, prechodal mesoderm, roof plate, neural crest cells Formation of placodes p7

Differential cell adhesion and morphogenesis p8, p23

Morphogenesis of vertebrate nervous system Gastrulation, neural induction, neural ectoderm, neural plate p5

p7, p25

p24

Functionally, they are for cell-cell interaction tight junction gap junction other cell-cell interaction without cell membrane contact cell-matrix interaction p24

Secondary neurulation Eye formation Posterior spinal cord p9

p7, p25

The early vertebrate brain vesicles and neuromeres

Definitive parts of the vertebrate brain

Gene expression Dorsal ; snail Ventral; HNF-3  Spinal cord

Cell division within the neural tube Basal, apical, radial glia cell, mantle layer, marginal layer

Peripheral Nervous System Autonomic nervous system, neural crest Sensory nervous system, neural crest, few derive from placode and ventral hindbrain Glia cells, Schwann cells, neural crest, ventral neural tube

Differential cell adhesion and morphogenesis p8, p23

Placodal ectoderm Cephalic ectoderm: olfactory sensory epithelium, lens, inner ear, anterior pituitary gland Caudally neurogenic placodes: sensory neurons of cranial nerves V (trigeminal), VII (facial), VIII (vestibulo-acoustic), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus)

Comparative features of early neural development in vertebrates and invertebrates cranial, rostral, anterior, caudal, posterior, ventral, dorsal

Proofs of a common ground plan for the nervous system between protostome and deuterostome. Similar regional expression of homologous sets of transcription factor genes. Similar patterns of early axon growth.

Proofs of a common ground plan for the nervous system between protostome and deuterostome. Similar regional expression of homologous sets of transcription factor genes. Similar patterns of early axon growth.