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copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon We use Communication to: Develop and main contact and relationships with others Gain and give information Control and persuade Create and imaging Communicate feelings Monitor behavior when we talk to ourselves

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Communication Disorders Difficulties with the transfer of knowledge, ideas, opinions, and feelings (Oyer, et al., 1987) – Articulation Disorders Inability to produce the various sounds and sound combinations of language – Speech Disorders Difficulty with verbal means of communication

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Types of Communication Disorders Fluency Disorder – Difficulty with rate and flow of speech Voice Disorder – Relate to quality of voice itself Quality (hoarse, breathy, hyper/hypo nasal) Pitch Intensity (loud of soft)

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Students with Language Disorders May have Difficulty: Following directions Understanding meaning of concepts Seeing relationships among concepts Understanding humor and figurative language Understanding multiple meanings Understanding compound/complex sentences Detecting breakdowns in comprehension

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Students with Language Disorders May Have Difficulty Using correct grammar Thinking of the right word to convey the concept Discussing abstract concepts Changing communication style to fit different social contexts Providing enough information to a listener

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Language Form Phonology Morphology Syntax (grammar)

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Facilitating Speech Development Work with Speech/Language Pathologist Develop a personal cueing system Create a safe environment to practice oral communication Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication systems

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Ideas to Help Facilitate Language Development Teach language in purposive concepts Teach comprehension and production Present new conceptsDemonstrate connections among concepts Use conversationUse Wait time Adjust the PaceUse self-talk and parallel talk Use Modeling and Promote language Use Language as an intrinsic motivator

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Rett’s Childhood Disintegrative Disorder Asperger’s Pervasive Development Disorder – Not Otherwise Specified

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Prevalence, Identification, and Assessment 244% increase between 1993 and 1998 Characteristics present before age 5 Assessment of contextual variables Functional Behavioral Assessment

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Instructional Guidelines and Accommodations Use augmentative and alternative communication (AAG) strategies Provide structure and predictable routines Be aware of effective strategies to address challenging behaviors

copyright (c) 2003 Allyn & Bacon Addressing Challenging Behavior Conduct Functional Behavioral Assessment to determine function of behavior Positive behavioral supports (USDOE, 2000)