Science affects Society 1.3

Scientists interact with society Three aspects of scientific work that depend on society: Three aspects of scientific work that depend on society: Opportunities to do research Opportunities to do research Topics investigated Topics investigated Methods of science Methods of science

Society’s needs affect how it uses its scientific resources EX. 1 SOCIETY IS AT A TIME OF WAR: EX. 1 SOCIETY IS AT A TIME OF WAR: Resources are put into defense, technology, and weapons to keep society safe Resources are put into defense, technology, and weapons to keep society safe EX. 2 FAMINE: (DECREASED CROP FROM DROUGHT) Society encourages research for greater food production Society encourages research for greater food production Ex. 3 DISEASE (PLAGUE): * Resources are put in to find a cure, help symptoms, and prevent spreading

Society affects scientific research: Technology and new discoveries Technology and new discoveries Abundant resources may fund many research types Abundant resources may fund many research types Capture the publics imaginations (dinosaurs and space) Capture the publics imaginations (dinosaurs and space) Needs of society are the topics scientists study Needs of society are the topics scientists study

Science affects society Technology – use of knowledge to solve problems or make new products, tools, or processes Technology – use of knowledge to solve problems or make new products, tools, or processes The way people travel: bus, car, airplane The way people travel: bus, car, airplane The way people interact: internet, phone, cell phone The way people interact: internet, phone, cell phone

Why must a society consider a new technology’s risks and costs as well as it’ benefits? YOU MUST COMPARE ALL AFFECTS SCIENCE HAS ON SOCIETY FOR PREPARATION AND SAFETY YOU MUST COMPARE ALL AFFECTS SCIENCE HAS ON SOCIETY FOR PREPARATION AND SAFETY Risk – disadvantage that MIGHT occur Risk – disadvantage that MIGHT occur Cost – disadvantage the DEFINITELY will occur Cost – disadvantage the DEFINITELY will occur

Yellowstone Wolves Unintended consequence of the 1920’s, during which, wolves were considered to be a menace to people and livestock Unintended consequence of the 1920’s, during which, wolves were considered to be a menace to people and livestock Wolf hunting was encouraged to protect farmers and livestock, eventually none remained in Yellowstone Wolf hunting was encouraged to protect farmers and livestock, eventually none remained in Yellowstone 1990’s endangered wolf species was reintroduced, now endangered, to Yellowstone National Park 1990’s endangered wolf species was reintroduced, now endangered, to Yellowstone National Park

Yellowstone Wolves Predicted- elk population would go down Predicted- elk population would go down Surprised – cottonwood and aspen trees have started to grow again and beavers moved back into rivers Surprised – cottonwood and aspen trees have started to grow again and beavers moved back into rivers Results of the wolves being returned into ecosystem Results of the wolves being returned into ecosystem

Ecosystem effects of Wolf Removal

Ethics – RIGHT OR WRONG Rules that protect scientists, society, and the natural world Rules that protect scientists, society, and the natural world Scientists must be aware how their research affects society Scientists must be aware how their research affects society Society has rules and procedures when working with animals and people Society has rules and procedures when working with animals and people Minimize dangers Minimize dangers

Inquiries that affect People Environments must be protected: classroom, neighborhood Environments must be protected: classroom, neighborhood Can not knowingly put people or the environment at risk Can not knowingly put people or the environment at risk Informed consent – person’s voluntary agreement that explains the experiment’s purpose, procedure, risks and benefits Informed consent – person’s voluntary agreement that explains the experiment’s purpose, procedure, risks and benefits

Inquiries that affect Animals Animals must be treat properly in lab and harmed as little as possible Animals must be treat properly in lab and harmed as little as possible Minimize changes in a natural environment Minimize changes in a natural environment Ex. Tags that were put on animals for research, affected the animals life cycle and were harmed. New technology has tags now under the skin and out the animals way Ex. Tags that were put on animals for research, affected the animals life cycle and were harmed. New technology has tags now under the skin and out the animals way

The importance of being aware of ethical and safety issues when doing classroom and science fair experiments Some equipment or procedures can be dangerous Some equipment or procedures can be dangerous Think about possible harm they may cause and prevent it (Lab safety rules) Think about possible harm they may cause and prevent it (Lab safety rules) Minimize the disruption of the world around you Minimize the disruption of the world around you

Science affects the Community Because of the increase in crime in Miami, people became very scared in their neighborhoods Because of the increase in crime in Miami, people became very scared in their neighborhoods Fear of Crime Survey in Miami Fear of Crime Survey in Miami They discovered a correlation between the feared risk of crime and environment maintenance They discovered a correlation between the feared risk of crime and environment maintenance

Science affects a state In Florida, scientists study the phenomena which cause the more destructive disturbances in the atmosphere. The study includes the detection, growth, effects and possible alternation of storms. In Florida, scientists study the phenomena which cause the more destructive disturbances in the atmosphere. The study includes the detection, growth, effects and possible alternation of storms.

Science affects: Nation Lake Baikal – largest fresh water lake. Lake Baikal – largest fresh water lake. Studied by National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis for 60 years Studied by National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis for 60 years It boasts 2500 plant and animal species, with most, including the freshwater seal, found nowhere else in the world. It boasts 2500 plant and animal species, with most, including the freshwater seal, found nowhere else in the world. Being affected by Being affected by Global warming

Science affects: International 2009 H1N1 (referred to as “swine flu” early on) is a new influenza virus causing illness in people. First detected in people in the United States in April This virus is spreading from person- to-person worldwide. On June 11, 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) signaled that a pandemic of 2009 H1N1 flu was underway H1N1 (referred to as “swine flu” early on) is a new influenza virus causing illness in people. First detected in people in the United States in April This virus is spreading from person- to-person worldwide. On June 11, 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) signaled that a pandemic of 2009 H1N1 flu was underway. World Health Organization World Health Organization