Mars and the Search for Subsurface Life
Introduction to the Subsurface SubsurfaceVs.Subterranean Hofmann and Farmer, 2000
Are there caves on Mars? Boston, 2002
Why Caves? Protection from UV radiation, wind, impactors, etc. Protection from UV radiation, wind, impactors, etc. Insulation from temperature fluctuations Insulation from temperature fluctuations Potentially sealed (increased pressure, possibly into the liquid H20 stability field) Potentially sealed (increased pressure, possibly into the liquid H20 stability field) Preservation of extinct organisms Preservation of extinct organisms
Biosignature Suites Morphological fossils Morphological fossils Mineral-coated filaments Mineral-coated filaments Microbial mats Microbial mats C-14 and S-34 values indicative of life C-14 and S-34 values indicative of life Genetic data Genetic data Elemental abundances and ratios Elemental abundances and ratios Crystallographic mineral forms Crystallographic mineral forms Boston, 2001
Preferably ID-able on Multiple Levels Macroscopic Macroscopic Microscopic Microscopic Non-morphologic Non-morphologic
Case Study: Snottites
How to Find and Explore Caves Visually (HiRise Camera & MOC) Visually (HiRise Camera & MOC) Ground Penetrating RADAR Ground Penetrating RADAR Microgravity anomaly mapping Microgravity anomaly mapping Seismic info Seismic info Outgassing Outgassing Situational (near faults etc) Situational (near faults etc) Micro-robots Micro-robots