Is SOFIA the large or the small scale? ALMA: resolution up to 0.02  / (mm), shortest  330  m Connecting Large and Small Scale Magnetic Fields

Comparison of SOFIA and ALMA ALMA: optimized at 345 GHz, receives R and L rather than H and V At 345 GHz,  synthesized beam, 20  FOV Highest frequency is 900 GHz = 330  m SOFIA: at 215  m, 22  resolution Sensitivities similar, in spite of ~60 12-m ALMA antennas vs m SOFIA!!!! Crudely, ALMA ’s are 4 times SOFIA ’s, (4) 3 = 64 balances ALMA antenna advantage, ALMA bandwidth = 8 GHz, HAWC bandwidth ~20 times larger balances telescope areas

ALMA will enable polarization mapping at much smaller spatial scales than SOFIA –protostars –protoplanetary disks –outflows SOFIA/HAWCpol will provide high sensitivity on scales > ALMA FOV to map –molecular cores –envelopes –larger-scale molecular clouds

Going the other way

1) Star polarization mapping 2) Planck will give all-sky polarization maps with 5 resolution Pereyra & Magalhães 2006 Vela shell

Structure of cores relative to large-scale magnetic fields – collapse of mass along field lines to form cores flattened along field lines; hourglass morphology fields in cores Fiedler & Mouschovias 1993 Girart, Rao, and Marrone (2006)

magnetic braking of cores – morphology of core fields to fields in envelopes and surrounding material bipolar outflows – parallel to local magnetic fields? Machida, Inutsuka, Matsumoto 2007

Girart, Crutcher & Rao (1999)

Girart, Greaves, Crutcher & Lai 2004