The previous simulation – run1_gs – used the 15 most cosmically abundant elements, but in equal fractions; atomic models were ground states only for all ion stages; K plasma temperature, K radiation and spectral temperatures; ion density 1e10. The next simulation – run2_gs – uses the cosmic abundances at: but ever other setting is the same.

Next, we’ll test the importance of including excited levels. We’ll use different CNO models, with one n=2 level and one n=3 level (or so) for the two most abundant ionization stages for each of the elements: C: +3, +4 N: +3, +4 O: +2, +3 One ion stage atm selection is shown for each element on the following three slides Run/workspace is called run1_few_excited

The populations in those excited levels is tiny…

Looks very, very similar to the ground-states only model (run2_gs) – except for the lines; maybe should choose b-f in the ‘output’ screen of the workspace.