“ Surgical Drains” Professor Magdy Amin RIAD Professor of Otolaryngology. Ain shames University Senior Lecturer in Otolaryngology University of Dundee
Why use Drains ? Haematoma Other Fluids (serous, chyle, pus, etc) Tissue adherence -- cosmesis
The Perfect Product Greater tissue contact Inert material. Slides smoothly past any tissue Promotes ease of movement and deep breathing Minimal pain on removal Comes in various sizes
Type of Drains Suction Non - Suction Materials Via wound Separate site
Principles of Drain Placement Maximum area Minimal trauma (nerves, vessel repair ) Memory of materials Gravitational Cosmetic Patient comfort Ease of removal
Packs Abscess cavity Infected wound Must not adhere to healing tissue (fibrin) Must contain an anti septic must be replaced frequently.
wicks Fistulae. Discharging sinuses. Same principles of packs.
Cigarette drain Sheet drain wrapped around a wick or pack Keep tract opened and drain the inflammatory exudates. Require less replacement
Corrugated rubber drain Sheet drainage Simple insertion, care and removal. Not expensive. Tissue irritant.
Yeates drain Parallel tubes. Side and end holes. Thick fluid can block drainage.
Tube drain When air tight seal could not be obtained. Suction machines can be connected intermittently.
Suction drainage Most effective method of drainage. Require air tight seal. Closed drainage. Allow better tissue coaptation.
Problems with Drains Obstruction Lost seal Suction system Diameter vs Fluid Patient mobility Removal
Wound principles
Skin Placement
Suction Channels
Drain Length
Placement
Trochar removal
Fixation
Suction “Tip”
Suction adaption
Skin Closure
pack suction
Drain “Organiser”
Patient issues Post Op