The Impact of HIV and AIDS on Food Security and Agricultural Production in Botswana K. Gobotswang, L.Gabaitiri P. Malope, P. Ntseane P. Malope, P. Ntseane Presented by By

Findings Data was available from n=190 households 103 (54.2%) households had experienced long illness during the past three years (Affected) 103 (54.2%) households had experienced long illness during the past three years (Affected) 87 (45.8%) households had no long illness during the past three years (Non - affected) 87 (45.8%) households had no long illness during the past three years (Non - affected)

Table 1: Place of residence for the sick Place Before illness After illness Village 58 (57.4) 93 (92.1) Cattle post 2 (2.0) 1 (1.0) Lands 9 (8.9) 0 (0.0) Town 32 (31.7) 7 (6.9)

Table 2: Mean distribution of livestock Study Group Mean (SD) Not affected 27.0 (26.7) Before illness 35.0 (30.9) After illness 20.0 (23.1)

Table 3: Mean distribution of crop production (70 kg bags) Study Group Mean (SD) Not affected 41.0 (164.6) Before illness 30.0 (46.0) After illness 8.0 (13.1)

Table 4: Reasons for the crop decline ReasonsFrequencyPercentage Draught power % Labor*6036.8% Drought127.4% Illness*4024.6% Other2213.5% Total %

Table 5: Predictors of crop production VARORCIP-VALUE Gender HH type Livestock Area Cult Assets

Table 6: Land clearing for cultivation Table 6: Land clearing for cultivation Status Before Illness After Illness Head*2511 Wife111 Husband111 Son610 Hired labor 2433 Nobody*121

CONCLUSION HIV and AIDS negatively affected both crop and livestock production HIV and AIDS negatively affected both crop and livestock production Female headed households are most affected Female headed households are most affected There is a significant shift in disease burden from urban to rural areas There is a significant shift in disease burden from urban to rural areas Decision making shifted from male heads to children and women Decision making shifted from male heads to children and women

RECOMMENDATIONS Intensify HIV and AIDS campaigns Intensify HIV and AIDS campaigns Care and support to be a key component in HIV and AIDS management – through farming support units Care and support to be a key component in HIV and AIDS management – through farming support units Introduce appropriate farming technologies for farming community dominated by women and children Introduce appropriate farming technologies for farming community dominated by women and children Diversify household livelihoods Diversify household livelihoods

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Food Agriculture Natural Resources Analysis Network (FANRPAN), Harare Food Agriculture Natural Resources Analysis Network (FANRPAN), Harare Coordinator and Chairperson FANRPAN, Botswana Node – Prof. I.N. Mazonde (UB) and Mr. N. Macala (MOA) Coordinator and Chairperson FANRPAN, Botswana Node – Prof. I.N. Mazonde (UB) and Mr. N. Macala (MOA) Farmers for their time Farmers for their time