Date spatiale. Continut - GIS notiuni Definitie Data si informatie Baze de date relationale (RDBMS) Baze de date spatiale (geo-spatial databases) - Modele.

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Presentation transcript:

Date spatiale

Continut - GIS notiuni Definitie Data si informatie Baze de date relationale (RDBMS) Baze de date spatiale (geo-spatial databases) - Modele de date Raster, imagini, si vector Operatii folosind modelul vector : query, buffering si overlay Operatii folosind modelul raster : functii locale, reclasificare, functii focale, functii zonale, functii pentru analiza de suprafata, functii de distanta, esantionare - Data si Metadata (definitii, necesitate, situatie, tendinte) - GIS Software Pachete software principale Produse ESRI Componente principale ArcGIS: ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcScene, ArcTools Extensii: Spatial Analyst, 3D analyst, Geostatistical Analyst.…. ACCESS …..GEODATABASE Computer programming environment in ArcGIS (ArcObjects) -Hydrogeological GIS database Software pentru design Orientat Obiect– XML – Geodatabase

Definitie GIS sint sisteme informatice ce sunt folosite in capturarea, modelarea, stocarea, regasirea, impartirea, manipularea, analiza si presentarea datelor cu referinta geografica (spatiala).

No Top DepthLithologyDescription Obs m 23 m 35 m 40 m sand gravel clay siltstone ………. Well no. Location Obs ………. … … … XYZ m m No Date Water level HCO 3 Obs /13/ /13/99 01/21/01 02/13/01 well no Siltstone Sand Clay Gravel 40 m 35 m 23 m 0 m River 40 m 35 m 23 m 0 m 35 m 23 m 40 m siltstone 23 m 35 m clay 35 m 40 m gravel 11/13/99 12/13/99 01/21/01 02/13/01 Sand Clay Gravel Siltstone 0 m 23 m sand Water level Date 11/13/9912/13/9901/21/0102/13/ well no. 2 well point layer River layer (Line) 2 River 100 m

Geostatistica este o grupare de tehnici statistice dezvoltate sa analizeze si sa prezica valori ale unei variabile distribuite in spatiu si timp. Se incepe cu un tip de autocorelatie numita variografie sau semivarianta in care gradul de similaritate este dat de o variograma. Modelul de variograma este folosit pentru prezicerea unor valori in diverse locatii prin metoda Kriging sau simularea conditionala ce produce estimari ale variabilei pe intregul domeniul spatial sau temporal …

Interpolarea unor date uni-dimensionale prin Kriging, cu intervale de confidenta. (Patratelele indica locatia valorilor masurate. Rezultatul interpolarii prin Kriging este marcat in rosu. Intervalele de confidenta sunt in verde.) illustrated in Figure 1, the aim of kriging is to estimate the value