EECS Systems Research in the Post- PC Era David Culler U.C. Berkeley EECS (ILP) Conference Feb 18,

2/18/99EECS PostPC2 Format of the Session Morning Highlight Talk - Dave Patterson –Computer Architecture and the Infrastructure Systems Research Agenda - David Culler Ninja Service Platform Architecture - Steven Gribble –Push scalable services into the infrastructure Security in a Pervasive Computing Environment - Mike Chen –distributed due to limits on power and trust Comfortable pace & Lots of Discussion

2/18/99EECS PostPC3 The Emerging Platform Pyramid SuperComputers SuperServers Departmental Servers Workstations Personal Computers 100 Millions Millions Thousands Workstations Small Devices Billions

2/18/99EECS PostPC4 Exciting new components * * *

2/18/99EECS PostPC5 Natural Tides of Innovation Time Integration Innovation Log R Mainframe Minicomputer Personal Computer Workstation Server 2/99

2/18/99EECS PostPC6 Historical Perspective New eras of computing start when the previous era is so strong it is hard to imagine that things could ever be different –mainframe -> mini –mini -> workstation -> PC –PC -> ??? It is always smaller than what came before. Most think of the new technology as “just a toy” The new dominant use was almost completely absent before. So where are we headed in the post-PC era?

2/18/99EECS PostPC7 Away from the “average device” Powerful, personal capabilities from specialized devices –small, highly mobile or embedded in the environment Intelligence + immense storage and processing in the infrastructure Everything connected Laptops, Desktops Devices

2/18/99EECS PostPC8 Complement to industry efforts Get maximum number of applications first –1990 PC capality in handheld device –microkernel port of Unix or Windows –emulate vast API Mobile extension of dedicated PC –take short excursion and synch Success of the Palm Pilot with primitive OS and split application model is significant –it’s the approach, not the technical superiority

2/18/99EECS PostPC9 Example - PDA scope

2/18/99EECS PostPC10 Rich set of new challenges Natural, high-content user interfaces Sensors, actuators, display, speech devices, small OS, low power massive distributed system “Middleware” Security, privacy, content Networking Software engineering Administration and management Extraction of knowledge from activities

2/18/99EECS PostPC11 Future Internet-Scale Systems ~10 Billion of Information Appliances ~100 Million of Stationary Computers ~Million Scalable Servers

2/18/99EECS PostPC12 Natural Convergence at the Extremes “Internet-Scale” => system reaches “everywhere” –small devices will be what is “wherever” –powerful servers is where is all goes Scalability, efficiency, simplicity, availability, adaptation –commonality in design goals and technology –federated systems The breakthrough ahead is pervasive devices + communication

2/18/99EECS PostPC13 Seeds sewn in many projects Devices - Infopad, IRAM Scalable Servers - NOW, Millennium Storage - Tertiary Disk, Istore, Aetherstore Sensors and Actuators - BSAC Connectivity - BWRC Transcoding Services - Wingman, Mediaboard Platform Architecture - Ninja Computing/Telephony Integration - Iceberg Programming Enviornments and Tools User interfaces - Notepals

2/18/99EECS PostPC14 A Radical Experiment What we need is not just a new research project, but a new “computing culture” => Build a department-wide, universal wireless PDA infrastructure and a community to take it forward Initial Seed Fall 98 with IBM –150+ IBM workpads + lots of cradles + IR + ??? Initial community –Ninja, ICEBERG, MASH grad students –Senior UI Class (CS 160) –All interested 1st year CS grads (CS 252, 261, 262 projects) –Fill out based on interest, talent and availability => “ask a good question and get yours” seminar

2/18/99EECS PostPC15 Fall’98 Project Excerpts E-Commerce and Security –Pay-Per-Use Services on the Palm Computing Platform (Mike Chen, Andrew Geweke) –Secure Infrastructure for PDAs (Hoon Kang, Rob von Behren) –SyncAnywhere - Secure Network HotSync (Mike Chen, Helen Wang) Groupware –Kiretsu - Ninja Instant Messaging Service (Matt Welsh, Steve Gribble) –The MASH MediaPad - Shared Electronic Whiteboard for the PalmPilot (Yatin Chawathe) –NotePals - Lightweight Meeting Support Using PDAs (Richard Davis) – OSKI - Open Shared Kalendaring Infrastructure (Jason Hong, Brad Morrey, Mark Newman) OS and Communications – PalmRouter - Networking Sporadically Connected Devices (Andras Ferencz, Robert Szewczyk) Numerous Architecture Studies Excellent UI Projects –Ink Chat, Nutrition/Excercise Tracker, Rendezvous - Meeting Scheduler

2/18/99EECS PostPC16 Some Lessons Communication is enabling –low-power wireless needs to be like IP Virtual Environment is important –Devices connect “into the infrastructure” »Network HotSync, groupware, centralized => Need lean, clean communication substrate “User Service” is fundamental –not just profile and customization info –routing point for security Much room for improvement in devices –trade BW for compute or storage Development effort is the limiting factor –OSKI: 1 person for infrastructure, 2 for WorkPad => need complete distributed system debugging and simulation environment

2/18/99EECS PostPC17 Momentum Building Millennium provides large-scale testbed Ninja architecture allows developers to “Push Services into the Infrastructure” –scalable, available, customizable –real services deployed and used in Spring 1999 Gigabit Ethernet PDAs Cell Phones Future Devices Wireless Infrastructure Desktop PCs Servers Clusters Massive Cluster

2/18/99EECS PostPC18 Emerging Agenda Endeavor Expedition (14 Faculty) –extend pervasive computing view to “oceanic” proportions –massive, fluid data storage –devices everywhere –fluid software –streaming data management –automatic management –social networking Pervasive computing “stamp” on strategic plan Causing us to rethink what we need in our environment

2/18/99EECS PostPC19 University/Industry Roles & Collaboration Bold, Rich PostPC Agenda Emerging –Pervasive ‘stamp’ on strategic plan New balance of expertise and technology between industry and university –devices, components, networks, applications, users –foundations for the future vs TTM New roles and relationships in collaboration –how do we share space, environment, culture, not just technology Fundamentally new demands on the research space –ability to deploy smart spaces on a large scale –new modes of human interaction It’s not just what we build, but how we use it

2/18/99EECS PostPC20 Discussion