Deep Water Offshore Wind Energy By Paul D. Sclavounos Horns Rev Wind Farm (Denmark) - Rated Power 160 MW – Water Depth 10-15m

Magnitude of Wind Resource Total World Installed Capacity: 40GW (2003) Total Offshore Installed Wind Capacity: 493 MW Global Annual Electricity Generation from Wind: 67 TWh Wind Energy Sector Annual Growth: 25-30% US Offshore Wind Capacity Total Installed Capacity (2003): 6.4 GW Shallow Water Resource (0-30m): <100 GW Deep Water Resource (30-100m; miles):>800 GW

Deep Water Offshore Wind Farms Wind Speeds Higher and Less Variable Floating Wind Turbines Water Depths in the range of m Draw Upon Experience of Oil & Gas Industry Placement of Offshore Wind Farms Near Major Centers Easier Integration to Robust Electric Grids Reduced Visual Effects and Noise

Specifications of 5MW Wind Turbine Wind Regime: Class 6 Winds (>8 m/s) Control:Variable Speed-Individual Blade Pitch Rotor Diameter126 m Hub Height90 m Max Rotor/Generator rpm12.1 rpm / 1,173 rpm Maximum Blade Tip Speed80 m/s Rotor Efficiency (3 Blades)45% Blade Solidity4% Rotor Mass110,000 kg Nacelle Mass250,000 kg Tower Mass347,460 kg Total Turbine Mass 707,460 kg Center of Gravity Height64 m

Floating Wind Turbines

Tidal Energy

Areas of Research and Education Unsteady Aerodynamics Structural Dynamics Gear Box and Electric Generator Dynamics Optimal Control of Pitch Regulated Floating Turbines Floating Wind Turbine Engineering System Design Wind Turbine Manufacturing, Assembly & Deployment Wind Farm Cost Minimization Optimal Wind Farm Operation - Electricity Dispatch