F DIGITAL MEDIA: COMMUNICATION AND DESIGN INTRODUCTION TO XML AND XHTML
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Goals of the lecture Get a basic understanding of XML Learn the main components in an XHTML document Understand the structure of an XHTML document: declaration, header and body Use an FTP client to connect to a remote server
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Index What is XML Structure of an XML document Elements in (X)HTML Structure of an (X)HTML document How to use an FTP client
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 What is XML eXtensible Markup Language Describes the data using user-defined tags No information on how the data should be displayed W3C recommendation Example in notepad
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 What is XML II Declaration Root element … Nested elements ,, … Content Digital Media Attribute Charlie
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 What is XML III Four components: An XML document A Document Type Definition (DTD) or XML Schema Style sheets to describe presentation A parser that interprets the XML document
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Index What is XML Structure of an XML document Elements in (X)HTML Structure of an (X)HTML document How to use an FTP client
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Structure of an XML document Tree-like structure Root element: course Branches: name, year, teachers, students
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Well-formed XML documents XML must be well-formed Some rules: No whitespaces before the XML declaration One root element Every element must have an opening and a closing tag, except empty elements Empty elements must contain a closing slash, ex: Opening and closing tags must nest correctly Element attribute values must be in quotation marks Example with notepad
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 RSS RDF Site Summary (RSS 0.9 and 1.0) Really Simple Syndication (RSS 2.0) Rich Site Summary (RSS 0.91 and 1.0) Atom (standardised by the IETF) Syndicating web content Example: subscribe to NYT in Flock
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 More about XML… …the 20th of February, guest lecture by Alexandre Alapetite.
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 HTML Hypertext Markup Language Used to make web pages Defines the structure of the document, NOT the presentation
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 XHTML eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language Reformulation of HTML using XML syntax We’ll talk about XHTML Again: Keep structure and presentation apart Validate the XHTML and CSS documents
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Index What is XML Structure of an XML document Elements in (X)HTML Structure of an (X)HTML document How to use an FTP client
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Elements An element in XHTML is coded with a tag Structure: content Examples: Paragraph: This a paragraph Header: This is a header Some elements are empty Line break:
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Elements Some elements can have attributes Structure: content Examples: Image: Table: …
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Well-formed XHTML documents All element and attribute names in lowercase All attribute values must be quoted All elements, including empty elements, must be terminated All elements must be properly nested Use of id and name attributes
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Index What is XML Structure of an XML document Elements in (X)HTML Structure of an (X)HTML document How to use an FTP client
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Document structure Declaration html head title body <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN” “ <html xmlns=“ xml:lang=“en” lang=“en”> Welcome to my website Hello world!
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Root element … Example:
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Header … Information for browsers and search engines Title: Welcome to my web Metadata:
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Body … The content of the body is what is shown in the browser
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 Index What is XML Structure of an XML document Elements in (X)HTML Structure of an (X)HTML document How to use an FTP client
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 How to use FTP
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 How to use FTP II
Digital Media: Communication and DesignF2007 How to use FTP III