CHEMISTRY It’s About Relationships! The “Dance of Electrons”

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Presentation transcript:

CHEMISTRY It’s About Relationships! The “Dance of Electrons”

Problem Solving Algorithm Does the darn thing work? YESNO Don’t Mess With It Did You Mess With It? You Moron Does Anyone Know? You Stupid Moron Will They Catch You? Destroy the Evidence NO PROBLEM Can You Blame Someone Else? Hide it YES NO YES NO YES NO

Key Concepts Matter: Elements & Compounds Atoms: Composed of subatomic particles Ions: Charged atoms Bonds: Electron ties between atoms

ATOMS Nucleus: Protons & Neutrons Orbitals: Electrons

IONS Cations: + charge: lost electrons Anions: - charge: gained electrons

SPECIAL IONS H+ : “Proton” causing water to be acidic OH - : Hydroxy ion causing water to be basic pH : Logarithmic scale of H+ concentration

Question: Why do you think a H + Ion is called a “Proton”? Hint: there is only one electron

“Chemistry” is what happens between two or more atoms in their outer most electron shells!

Electron Orbitals Each orbital has an “Optimum” number of electrons...

“Fullfilling” The needs of the orbitals “Give/Take” Relationships: Ionic Bonds “Shared Interest” Relationships: Covalent Bonding “Unequal Sharing” Relationships: Polar Covalent Bonding

“Shall we dance?” Ionic Bonds: Complete Transfer of Electrons – The resulting attraction is electric!

Shared Interests Covalent Bonds: “Lets share our stuff- equally or not (Polar Covalent)

Chemistry - Relationships Elements = Atoms Subatomic: Protons, Neutrons, Electrons Ions: Charged Atoms Chemical Bonds: Ionic, Covalent, Polar Covalent

Point of Interest A Flow of ions is called a current Many cells depend on currents to relay information and accomplish tasks Electrolytes are ions dissolved in water - able to conduct currents

Water is a Polar Covalent Molecule One side is slightly more positive and the other is slightly more negative Much of water’s “chemistry” is tied to this polarity Hydrogen Bonds are weak electrical attractions of polar molecules or ions

Chemical Formulas H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 NaCl

Questions: Answer Questions 1-2: “Develop your REASONING skills” - p. 39