Role of Big Science in the Developing World

Developed vs. Developing Developed have industrial growth enjoy a flourishing economy Developing depend on developed countries to establish their industries experience economic growth

iThemba LABS Laboratory for accelerator based sciences in South Africa Facilities provide opportunities for: Modern research Advanced education Treatment of cancers Production of unique radioisotopes

China Institute of High Energy Physics Largest research institution in China Inter-disciplinary research Developed three priority disciplines: particle physics advanced accelerator radiation technologies Beijing Synchrotron Radiation

National Atomic Energy Commission Argentina Argentine government agency in charge of nuclear energy research and development Centro Atómico Bariloche: University based facility focusing on basic science Centro Atómico Constituyentes: pioneered the construction of research reactors in Argentina. Site of Tandar accelerator Centro Atómico Ezeiza: produces radioisotopes for medicine

Brazil National synchrotron light laboratory Interdisciplinary Example: accelerator physics Sirius

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - India Established in 1942 India ’ s largest research and development organization 39 laboratories 50 field stations or extension centers Collective staff of over 17,000 Although publicly funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, it operates as an autonomous body

CSIR Developments Key Sectors of Science: Biological, Chemical, Engineering, Physical, Environmental Achievements First to introduce DNA fingerprinting to India Designed India's first ever parallel processing computer Process of manufacturing hydroflourocarbons Key provider of affordable health care for the region Strives for growth in two areas: Sustainable Inclusive Growth Competitive Industrial Growth

Increasing Involvement in Big Science in Developing Countries

United Nations International governmental body for discussion and legislation Has many science programs

Commission on Science and Technology Subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) The Commission provides the General Assembly and ECOSOC with high-level advice on relevant science and technology issues. Helps develop scientific policy in developing nations

Programme in Science and Technology for Development a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) It was established in 1992 to provide the General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council with high-level advice on relevant issues through analysis and appropriate policy recommendations or options in order to enable those organs to guide the future work of the United Nations, develop common policies and agree on appropriate actions.

Stimulating Big Science Development in Developing Countries Economic stimuli Teaching proper development education

Videos! adautry-science-in-developing_tech promoting-s-t-in-developing_tech

Social Entrepreneurship and Big Science

What is Social Entrepreneurship? The purpose is to help, improve and transform Social conditions Environmental conditions Educational conditions Economic conditions Seek to develop solutions to global problems

Global Warming Social Entrepreneurship is needed to make people change their ways of living to combat global warming The social entrepreneurship is supported by the findings about Global Warming-a product of Big Science

What proponents of SE can learn from Big Science? Issues with funding For Social Entrepreneurship Government is not sure whether initiatives are business opportunities or charitable contributions For Big Science Big science with current applications and as a source of money versus knowledge for the sake of knowledge Both People are not willing to wait for results

What proponents of BS can learn from SE? Collaboration There is more collaboration between individuals and companies when it comes to social entrepreneurship Big Science is more about competition Patents Competition between countries

Profit versus Nonprofit Big Science has become more about profit rather than simply expanding the world’s knowledge Social entrepreneurship is usually nonprofit and seeks to improve the world

SO…. To what extent do you think big science should adapt to the principles of social entrepreneurship?

USAID Federal government agency partnering various volunteer organizations, universities. Targets improvement in agriculture, global health, and humanitarian assistance. Targets 5 main regions.

NGO’s Entities that have no governmental status Funded partially or fully by the government, but excludes government officials and representatives Usually created to further social or political goals of the members.

NGO’s Independent from state or private sectors, but concerned with public interest Voluntary, self-governed. Provide services to enhance impoverished communities