Nitrogen Information N By: Becky McGuire. Key Facts a. N is in every plant cell b. N is 78% of atmosphere c. Production of N comes from ammonia (NH3)

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Presentation transcript:

Nitrogen Information N By: Becky McGuire

Key Facts a. N is in every plant cell b. N is 78% of atmosphere c. Production of N comes from ammonia (NH3) NH3 = atmospheric N + H d. N fertilizer forms = urea, ammonium nitrate, anhydrous ammonia, N solution (28%)

N & Soil a. N is very mobile in soil (it can leach from soil easily) b. N losses: 1. used by plant 2. leaching (“draining” from soil) 3. erosion 4. denitrification 5. volatilization

Nitrification a. N must be in a from usable by plants b. Ammonium (NH4+), from OM or fertilizers is converted to NO3- (nitrate) c. Carried out by bacteria in soil N must be in nitrate form to be absorbed by plants

Leaching a. nitrates are not tightly held by clay and humus (OM) b. can move with soil water c. losses great in sandy, coarse texture soil

Denitrification bacteria converting nitrate to elemental (N2) nitrogen which is then lost to the atmosphere a. occurs under anaerobic conditions b. anaerobic conditions occur when soil pores are filled with water and not air (heavy rain) c. Nitrate losses are 15-30% of total applied N when area is flooded for 3-5 days

Volatilization : urea is converted to unusable form when applied on warm, moist soils. N lost to atomosphere. inject N to eliminate problem

Nitrogen fixation N must be removed from atmosphere to be used by plants a. N fixation: legumes (beans, alfalfa) are able to “fix” N. b. legumes have bacteria (rhizobia) on roots (in nodules) which remove N from the atomosphere. c. Legumes are able to provide own N and don’t need N fertilizer

Nitrogen cycle a. atmospheric N converted to usable N (nitrates) then converted back to atmospheric N (N2)

sources of usable N --N fertilizers --animal waste --legumes --lightening, precipitation --crop residue

Ways nitrates are lost --leaching, erosion, gas, plant use