Assessing Learners With Special Needs Chapter 1 Introduction Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Basic Concepts Assessment to measure progress Assessment to measure achievement Assessment for determining strengths and weaknesses Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Assessment to Determine Strengths and Weaknesses Assessing Academic Strengths and Weaknesses Assessing Behavioral Challenges Assessing Developmental Levels Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Traditional Assessment Model General Education Classroom Instruction Student Not Progressing As Expected Student Referred to Multidisciplinary Team Team Completes Assessment Team Meeting Determines Student Found Eligible for Services Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Difficulties With Traditional Assessment Practices Lack of Prereferral Interventions Lack of Integrity of Prereferral Interventions Bias in Referral Process Bias in Assessment Process Lack of Consistency in Eligibility Decisions Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Contemporary Assessment Model General Classroom Instruction with Frequent Measurements And Statewide Assessments Student Not Making Progress General Education Teacher Assesses Skill/Task Using Frequent Measurements, Probes, Error Analysis of Student Products and Performance Interventions Implemented by Classroom Teacher Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Interventions Not Successful General Classroom Teacher Meets with Problem-Solving Team Team Members Analyze Data and Generate Hypotheses Teacher and Team Design Additional Interventions Interventions Implemented and Monitored for Integrity Teacher Takes Frequent Measurements and/or Observations Student Continues to Have Difficulty with Academic Progress and/or Behavior Interventions Successful Student Continues in General Classroom Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Team Meets to Analyze Data Team Determines if Additional Assessment is Needed or Additional Interventions Additional Interventions Implemented and Monitored for Integrity Team Designs Assessment Plan Interventions Successful Student Remains in General Classroom Student Receives Comprehensive Evaluation Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Team Meets to Determine Student’s Needs Student Receives Accommodations for Educational and/or Behavioral Needs Interventions Monitored for Success Student Found Eligible for Special Education Support Receives Services in General Education Classroom or Special Education Setting Interventions Monitored for Success Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Types of Assessment Ecological Assessment-Evaluation of classroom variables to determine possible classroom environmental influences of learning or behavior Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Norm-referenced Assessment- Tests designed to compare a specific student’s ability with the ability with that of same age students in national sample. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Standardized Assessment-Tests given with specific instructions and procedures, often norm-referenced. Error Analysis-Evaluation student work to determine a pattern of errors or specific type of errors Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Curriculum-Based Assessment-To determine how student is performing using actual content of curriculum such as chapter tests or teacher made tests. Curriculum-Based Measurement- Specific techniques to measure progress of a specific skill against an aim line. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Dynamic Assessment-Interactive assessment to determine of student has potential to learn a new skill. Portfolio Assessment-Using a variety of student products to evaluate progress over time in specific area. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Criterion-referenced Tests- To assess a student's progress in skill mastery against specific standards Criterion-related Tests-To assess student's progress on items that are similar to objectives or standards Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e

Checklists, Rating Scales, Observations- A variety of measures used to determine student's skill level or behavioral functioning. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Terry Overton Assessing Learners with Special Needs, 5e