Experiments towards the Efficient Trapping of Francium by Seth Aubin Parity Violation in Francium Group Students: Eduardo Gomez Joshua M. Grossman Professors: Luis A. Orozco Gene D. Sprouse
A Brief History of Francium at Stony Brook : Construction of 1 st production and trapping apparatus. 1995: Produced and Trapped Francium in a MOT : Laser spectroscopy of Francium (8S 1/2, 7P 1/2,7D 5/2,7D 3/2, hyperfine anomaly) : construction of new production and trapping apparatus. 10,000 atom Fr MOT
New Apparatus for Producing and Trapping Francium Objective: Trap 10 6 Fr atoms Parity Non-Conservation experiments Nuclear Anapole measurements Strategy: Increase Production Optimize Optical Trapping efficiency Improve Neutralizer efficiency
Schematic of New Apparatus
Improved Production 16 O, 18 O, 19 F ~100 MeV Fr + ions Au, Pt target Improved Fr + ion extraction New target design Heated tungsten rod
Optical Trapping Efficiency 1. Capture Velocity of MOT Idea: Accelerate MOT atoms with laser. Measure at what velocity atoms cannot be recaptured by MOT. b. Velocity Calibration: a. Description atom cloud on resonance laser push
c. Capture Velocity (lower bound): ~18 m/s
MOT 1 mm
Displaced MOT (External B-field) Laser push 1 mm
2. Number of Bounces (N bounces ) Atoms rethermalize with cell walls on each bounce. N MOT N bounces. N bounces is determined by exit holes, quality of dry-film coating. Dry-Film (SC-77) test: 780 nm laser probe Rb atomic beam shutter fast detector
Monte-Carlo simulations decay time of 5.2 ms (~100 bounces)
Comparison of Neutralizer Materials (at 5 KeV) ~ 300 Celsius
Conclusion New apparatus for trapping 10 6 Fr atoms. Increased Fr production by a factor of 15. Studied neutralization process. Probes of capture velocity and coating quality. Capture velocity of at least 18 m/s. Just converted apparatus to Francium.