Contraception Chapter 6

2 Contraceptives Definition. –Preventing conception by blocking the female’s egg from uniting with the male’s sperm, thereby preventing pregnancy.

Chapter 63 Principles of Contraception Based on the physiology of reproduction Types: Barrier, Hormonal, Natural Methods, and Surgical Factors affecting choice Effectiveness

Chapter 64

5 Reversible Contraceptives Oral: “The Pill” –Estrogen and progesterone taken orally –Mimics the menstrual cycle –“Minipill” –Advantages –Disadvantages –Side effects –Effectiveness:

Chapter 66 Reversible Contraceptives Norplant Implants –Hormonal method –Matchstick capsules –Progestin inhibits ovulation –Advantages –Disadvantages –Side effects –Effectiveness:

Chapter 67 Reversible Contraceptives Depo-Provera –Hormonal treatment –Injectable progestin every 12 weeks –Advantages –Disadvantage –Side effects period will subside - ovaries will not release egg It may take 12 months before cycle will return –Effectiveness -

Chapter 68 Reversible Contraceptives Emergency Contraceptive Postcoital Pill, Morning After Pill –use a EPT kit –Two dose regimen –Prevents uterine implantation –Needs to be taken within 72 hours. Best used within 24 hours –Intrauterine Device

Chapter 69 Reversible Contraceptives Intrauterine Device (IUD) –Progeatasert, T-380A (ParaGard) and Levonorgestral –Not exactly sure how it prevents pregnancy –Advantages –Disadvantages –Effectiveness

Chapter 610

Chapter 611 Reversible Contraceptives Male Condom –Thin latex sheaths –Advantages –Disadvantages –Effectiveness –Use with spermicide

Chapter 612

Chapter 613 Reversible Contraceptives Female Condom –Reality Brand –Advantages –Disadvantage –Effectiveness

Chapter 614

Chapter 615 Reversible Contraceptives Diaphragm –Dome shaped cup of thin rubber –Custom fit –Following intercourse –Advantages –Disadvantages TSS –Effectiveness –Cost

Chapter 616

Chapter 617 Reversible Contraceptives Cervical Cap –Small rubber or plastic cap –Must use foam kit –Advantages –Disadvantage

Chapter 618 Contraceptive Sponge Why they were withdrawn from the market Advantages Disadvantages Effectiveness

Chapter 619 Vaginal Spermicide How it works Advantages Disadvantages Effectiveness

Chapter 620

Chapter 621 Abstinence Without intercourse or sexual activities Benefits: more self respect and respect for others. Security that you are being pursued for sexual reasons. Less worry about STDs and Pregnancy.

Chapter 622 The Fertility Awareness Method (FAM) Calendar method Temperature method Mucus method Withdrawal Combining methods

Chapter 623

Chapter 624 Permanent Contraception Sterilization Vasectomy- severing of the vasa deferentia May return to work in 2 days Semen tested in 12 weeks or 20 ejaculations Reversal varies between 80% to 50%, depending on the report. Complication rate Effectiveness

Chapter 625

Chapter 626 Permanent Contraception Sterilization Female sterilization: Tubal sterilization and Hysterectomy Surgical cases Complication rate Reversibility

Chapter 627

Chapter 628 When is it Okay to Begin Having Sexual Relations? Society’s approach Changing of attitudes with the changing of time. Answering personal questions.

Chapter 629 Which Contraceptive Method is Right for You? Appropriate method of birth control –Individual health risks –Implications of unplanned pregnancy –Risks of STDs –Convenience –Type of relationship –Ease and Cost –Acceptability of the method in terms of religious or other philosophical beliefs

Chapter 630 Contraception and Gender Differences Differences between males and females responsibilities. –In the present –In the past

Chapter 631 Thank You !