A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy Suree Funilkul/ Wannida Soontreerutana/ Gerti Orthofer/ Helene Gieber/ Roland Traunmüller School of Information Technology, KMUTT, Thailand and Institute of Informatics in Business and Government, JKU, Austria IRIS Conference February 2006 Law Faculty of the University of Vienna

Outline 1. Introduction 2. The eDemocracy Context Best Practice Examples Concerning eDemocracy The Set of Criteria Applied to Best Practice of eDemocracy 3. A Model Linking the Criteria 4. Some Open Questions 5. Some Conclusions on Determining eDemocracy Implementation IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practices Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 2 iWV - JKU

1. Introduction (1) IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 3 iWV - JKU Andy Brack and Phil Noble E-Democracy Around the World Use of the Internet by government, political parties an advocacy groups to provide information, communication, deliver services or boost participation to generate a more robust debate among citizens. Steven Clift Global e-Democracy Trends The use information and communication technologies and strategies by democratic sectors within the political processes of local communities, nations and on the global stage. Local e-Democracy National Project in UK The use of ICTs including the Internet, mobile technologies and interactive digital television to create new deliberative discussions between government and its citizens and between citizens themselves.

1. Introduction (2) The use of ICT in democratic process by government sectors to boost up the quality of citizens’ life and citizens’ participation in a democratic activities. “ ” IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 4 iWV - JKU eDemocracy services of particular government units Integration of information and services from related government agencies A sustainable democratic government

2. The eDemocracy Context IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 5 iWV - JKU Popular Sovereignty Liberty Rule of Law Majority Rule Group 1: Higher - quality of life By using eInformation, eServices applications To boost up individual chances Group 2: Citizens’ participation By using eVoting, eForum, and eComplaint applications To support citizens’ organizing in networks Equality

2. Best Practice Example Concerning eDemocracy (1) IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 6 iWV - JKU Providing the eDemocracy applications to meet citizens’ need Based on the eDemocracy applications in Group 1 and Group 2 The Multi-channel Integrated Service System (MISS) Project in Spain To integrate the information systems and interactive databases Improve the quality, efficiency, and accountability of public services The APLAWS Project in the United Kingdom To develop a range of standards to simplify the navigation through local authority website The information-poor and the disabled persons

2. Best Practice Example Concerning eDemocracy (2) IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 7 iWV - JKU The Italian Citizen Portal Project in Italy To offer electronic services and information to the Italian citizens Provide the information in accessible and usable ways through portal The Geneva Internet Voting Project in Switzerland To develop the internet voting application Access the internet voting in an easy and effective way Citizen Participation in Public Debate Project in Denmark To create a common platform for all public debates Create within the public sectors in local, regional, and national level

2. The Set of Criteria Applied to Best Practice of eDemocracy (1) IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 8 iWV - JKU  Gained benefits  Trust and confidence by citizens  Sufficient budget  Rights tools and methodology  Accessibility and sustainability  New communication channels  Empowerment of people  Better infrastructure  Relevance for users  Strong points for project Based on citizens Based on five democratic principles Based on the eDemocracy applications in Group 1 and Group 2 Selecting the Criteria

2. The Set of Criteria Applied to Best Practice of eDemocracy (2) IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practices Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 9 iWV - JKU Gained benefits Accessibility and sustainability New communication channels friendly use quality/efficiency accountability shared information consulting relevant issues voting relevant issues sharing ideas and opinions accessing in easy/effective way multi-channel accessibility standards link to other channels extend the project from Local to National portable module integrated module New channels which are suitable for providing information and services New channels which are suitable for supporting citizens’ participation Empowerment of people marketing activity helping hands encouragement of people harness the potential of ICT Group 1: Higher quality of life Group 2: Citizens’ participation Selected criteria

3. A Model Linking The Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 10 iWV - JKU provided interface required interface Component

3. A Model Linking The Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 11 iWV - JKU

4. Some Open Questions (1) IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 12 iWV - JKU Can your applications are based on new ICT can be accessed in an easy way? Accessibility and sustainability Multi-channel Accessibility standards Link to other channels Can your application be accessed by all citizens: the disability persons and poor-IT citizens? Can your application be extended by additional module? Does your application provide the information that meets the citizens’ need? Gained benefits Friendly use Quality / Efficiency Accountability Can your application easily find the information and services? Does your information disclose and is it correct? Shared information Can your application be interacted with the citizens or other organizations? Empowerment of people Marketing activity Encouraged people Do you publish the new communication channel to citizens? Does your application hold a strong attraction for citizens? Does your organization arrange the training day for citizens to use applications? Helping hands New communication channels Is this new communication channel suitable for providing information to citizens and obtain the government services by citizens? Group 1: Higher-quality of life

4. Some Open Questions (2) IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 13 iWV - JKU Accessibility and sustainability Extend from Local to National Support multi- language Portable/integrated module Can your application extend the features or functionality for a larger application? Can your application be integrated with the other modules in other applications? Gained benefits Consulting relevant issues Voting relevant issues Sharing ideas and opinions / making suggestions Does your application provide the section of consultation to citizens? Does your application provide the section which citizens can be participated with each other? Easy / Effective access Does your application provide the easy access section of citizens’ participation? Empowerment of people Harness the potential of ICT Does your organization support or provide the tools for participation with citizens? How many citizens come to use your application to achieve their aim in participating activities? Encouraged people New communication channels Is this new communication channel suitable for supporting citizens’ participation activities? Group 2: Citizens’ participation Can your application support multi-language? Does your application provide the section of polling and voting with relevant issues?

5. Some Conclusions on Determining eDemocracy Implementations IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practice Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 14 iWV - JKU Government Administration Legal aspect Policy issues Demographic characteristics Geographic characteristics Psychographic characteristics Consumer characteristics

Q & A For further information, please contact IRIS 2006 – Vienna, Austria. Feb , 2006 A Model Linking Criteria for Best Practices Concerning eDemocracy SIT-KMUTT 15 iWV - JKU