Information Services Foundations of Computing 1004ICT Researching and Referencing Developed by Felicity Berends and John Thornton

Information Services Today’s Learning Outcomes Finding information for your assignment topics by:  Identifying information needs  Identifying keywords  Choosing the right tool Referencing:  Why reference?  How to reference

Information Services First steps to finding assignment material Analyse the topic Research the topic Identify types of information needed Search efficiently and effectively Use the correct tools to search Evaluate the information found

Information Services Refereed or Peer-reviewed articles  To ensure that articles submitted to academic journals are accurate and reliable, a group of subject experts will read an article and recommend its publication, revision or rejection.  This process is known as “peer-review” or “refereeing” and it guarantees that published articles are of a high quality.

Information Services Use the correct tools to find the information you need. Use the correct Tool to find items for your assignment  Library Catalogue for books, videos, kits  Library Databases for journal articles, newspaper articles

Information Services What is a database?  Databases provide descriptions of journal articles within specific subject areas  Databases are frequently updated with new information  A database may also provide a summary of the article content.  Some databases provide access to the electronic version of the article (full text).

Information Services Tips for searching the databases  Each database may provide different results for the same search strategy.  Each database will recognise the keyword connectors (and, or, not) differently.  Check out the databases’ help guides for information about how to search  Look for PDF version of articles (full text)

Information Services Activity Use the Library Catalogue to identify an information resource you could use in writing your first assessment item. Use the Library Databases to identify an information resource you could use in writing your first assessment item.

Information Services Activity Perform a search in Google and evaluate a resource from the results list using the following criteria: When was it published? What are the author's qualifications? Are there footnotes/endnotes, a bibliography? Provenance of web site. From where does the web site originate?  Government?  Commercial?  Organisation?  Educational? Is the web site maintained regularly? Is the information up-to-date? Does the web site display bias? Compare to results from Google Scholar.

Information Services What have you learned so far today? 1.Think about what you are being asked to do 2.Identify your keywords 3.Identify what types of information you need 4.Search the right tool (catalogue, database, web) 5.Evaluate The next step is to write your assignment using the information you have found, using referencing to indicate where you have used the ideas of others and where you have got these ideas/information from.

Information Services Referencing & Plagiarism  What is plagiarism? Plagiarism is the unacknowledged use of someone else's words, ideas, evidence, data, arguments and/or opinions.  How do you avoid plagiarism? To avoid plagiarism, you are required to acknowledge ideas and/or opinions of others by providing both in-text referencing and a Reference List that are accurate and complete.  What is referencing? Providing publishing information for all information sources used in an assessment/paper so others can find this information.  How do you reference?

Information Services APA (American Psychological Association) Referencing Style Rules for the preparation of manuscripts. Includes rules that relate to:  Content and organisation  Expressing ideas and reducing bias  Editorial style  Reference list  Manuscript preparation  Manuscript acceptance and production

Information Services Referencing In-text citations: where you acknowledge within the text of your paper the source for an idea/opinion you have used that is not your own. Shaped by the work of engineers and architects, early planning ideas were chiefly influenced by modernist thought in relation to industrial urbanisation, as technologies that enabled the regulation of building form and location became available (Healy, 1997, pp ). Reference list: where you provide a full list at the end of the paper of all sources of ideas/opinions you have used in the paper that are not your own. Healy, P. (1997). Collaborative planning: Shaping places in fragmented societies. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.

Information Services Reference list examples Gleeson, B. & Low, G. (2002). Australian urban planning: new challenges and new agendas. Sydney: Allen & Unwin. Author/sTitle Year Publication details Answer: Book

Information Services Reference list examples Coiacetto, E. (2007). The Role of the Development Industry in Shaping Urban Social Space: a Conceptual Model. Geographical Research, 45(4), 340–347. Article Title Author/sYear Journal Title Publication details and pages Answer: Journal article

Information Services Reference list examples O'Hanlon, S. (2005). Cities, suburbs and communities. In M. Lyons & P. Russell (Eds.), Australia's history : themes and debates (pp ). Sydney, NSW: University of New South Wales Press. Year Book Title Publication details and pages Answer: Book chapter Chapter Title Editor/s Author/s

Information Services Activity Create references for the information resources you found in your search of the catalogue and databases earlier today.

Information Services Examples: Electronic Journals Where the online article is an exact version of a print article: Mather, D. (2006). Extended memory: early calculating engines and historical computer simulations [Electronic version]. Leonardo, 39(3), YearArticle Title Journal Title Retrieval statement Vol, iss & pp. Author

Information Services Examples: Electronic Journals Where an online article presents a print article with additional material or in a different form: Ray, O. (2004). How the mind hurts and heals the body. American Psychologist, 59, Retrieved January 12, 2005, from YearArticle Title Journal Title URL Retrieval statement Author

Information Services Examples: Electronic Journals Where an article appears only in online form: Costarelli, S., & Calla, R.M. (2004). Self-directed negative effect: The distinct roles of ingroup identification and outgroup derogation. Current Research in Social Psychology, 10(2). Retrieved January 12, 2005, from Article TitleYear Journal Title URL Retrieval statement Author/s

Information Services Examples: Electronic Encyclopaedia Babbage, Charles (1792–1871). (2008). AccessScience, The McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology Online. Retrieved March 12, 2008, from edu.au/content.aspx?id=M Article TitleYear Encyclopaedia Title URL Retrieval statement

Information Services APA Referencing Style - Resources American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Perrin, R. (2007). Pocket Guide to APA Style (2nd ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Also see the APA web site :–  Griffith University Referencing Tool:-  Purdue University APA Formatting and Style Guide :- Note the Griffith Referencing Tool gets the World Wide Web references slightly wrong - the “Retrieved from….” clause should always contain the date you did the actual retrieval, as in “Retrieved March 17, 2010, from …”

Information Services More help Online resources:  Library Research Tutorial People resources:  InfoServices (Desk, phone, , IM)  Learning Services website, workshops and advisers  Lecturers, supervisors, tutors, mentors and classmates