SAP 運籌管理模組 實作一 物料主檔資料

企業資源規劃中之運籌管理相關模組，涵蓋了一公司與以下等活動相關之企業流程(Business processes)。 內向物流(Inbound logistics)：將公司所需的原物料帶入公司。 核心作業(Core operation)：將原物料轉換(Transform)成公司的產出(Output)。 不同產業別，其核心作業所進行的轉換(Transformation)也有所不同。 外向物流(Outbound logistics)：將產出帶出公司，並交至顧客手中。

物流網路 (1/2) 一般還可用網路(Network)圖的方式來觀察或解釋物流規劃問題。 網路中之點(Nodes)代表零售店、倉庫、工廠、供應商或賣方等，亦可代表流動庫存暫停之處。 網路中之連線(Links)則代表物品在點與點間之移動。 網路中的任兩點可能會有不止一條的連線，用以代表不同的運輸服務方式、不同的移動路徑或是不同的產品。 網路結構主要明定產品由來源點流向需求點之通路架構。

物流網路 (2/2)

物流資訊系統 (1/5) 隨著資訊技術的高度發展，企業利用電腦處理日常交易資料，可大量節省人力成本，並增加資料處理的正確性與時效性。 然而隨著時間的推移，企業內部資料量越積越多，傳統之資訊系統已不敷使用。 因而發展出一套套整合性的套裝軟體，也就是所謂的企業資源規劃(Enterprise resource planning, ERP)軟體。 能整合企業內部所有管理系統。 處理企業在營運上所產生之大量且複雜的交易資料。 即時提供整合之資訊。 協助企業制定決策和營運。

物流資訊系統 (2/5) 企業對物流資訊系統最主要之要求在於： 收集、產生、管理、保留、處理與溝通資訊 協助企業作一適當之決策 提升通路之效率與效用 而ERP系統恰好是整合企業之應用程式與工具的軟體，通常包含了： 財務、成本會計、銷售與配銷、生產規劃、物料管理、人力資源管理、電腦整合製造、品質管理與倉儲管理等應用程式。 藉由連結到共同的資料庫，可即時整合企業營運所需的資料。 藉由資料共享機制，加速企業流程的進行，且能即時提供制定決策所需之資訊。

物流資訊系統 (3/5) 以ERP系統多模組之觀念概觀一企業之物流流程。

物流資訊系統 (4/5) ERP與APS間之關係 企業資訊系統根據交易作業、績效控管、決策分析與策略規劃可分為三層相互整合的次系統。 應用模組(Application modules) 先進規劃排程系統(Advanced planning and scheduling system, APS) 高階主管資訊系統(Executive information system, EIS)

物流資訊系統 (5/5) APS系統是因應ERP系統規劃功能之不足發展而來。 應用先進的規劃邏輯，在考量整體企業資源的限制下，對通路各成員間以及單一企業內部相關作業做最佳之規劃。 產生可行之排程、正確的訂單允諾資料、產能規劃及What-if分析等。 再將資訊傳送回給ERP系統，使達到即時且有效率之執行。 APS系統根據先進的規劃能力，得以即時、有效與正確地掌握、分析和規劃企業的需求與供給，使企業真正能夠達到供需平衡，提升顧客服務水準、降低存貨與作業成本，進而提高企業之獲利。

Logistics Management SD (Sales and Distribution) module MM (Material Management) module PP (Production Planning) module 教授順序: Material master data  MM Material master data  PP Material master data  SD

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SAP Easy Access

Maintaining own user data (SU01)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

SAP R/3最底層功能展開實例 SAP menu → Tools → Administration → User Maintenance → SU01 Users

Copy a User 選取功能 複製使用者 練習：請建立組員之帳號 (例如PU962_xxa …) Tools → Administration → User Maintenance → Users 另一種方式：直接在命令列輸入SU01指令 複製使用者 在user部分，填入欲被複製user之ID (例如PU962_xx) 點選copy圖示 輸入要複製至哪位新的user (To欄位) (例如PU962_xxa)，按下方copy → 輸入啟始password (例如123456) 可觀察相關參數(例如Profiles標籤) 按上方save按鈕 練習：請建立組員之帳號 (例如PU962_xxa …)

Change/ Display/Delete a User 輸入SU01指令 輸入user之ID 點選change圖示：修改user相關資料 點選display圖示：顯示user相關資料 點選delete圖示：刪除該user

Organizational Levels

Organizational Levels in Inventory Management                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

IDES                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

IDES Overview                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

IDES: Purchasing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

Master Data in the Procurement Process                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Material Master Data                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

Data Screens in Material Master Maintenance                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

Material Master: Organizational Levels                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Maintain Material Master Record: Screen Sequence                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Material Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Industry Sector                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

物料(完成品)主檔-實作練習 Path:Logistics  Materials Management  Material Master  Material  Create (Special)  Finished Product (T-code: MMF1) 選11views (1)Basic Data 1; (2) Sales: Sales Org. Data1; (3) Sales: Sales Org. Data 2; (4) Sales: General/Plant Data; (5) MRP1; (6) MRP 2; (7) MRP3; (8) Work Scheduling; (9) General Plant Data/ Storage 1; (10) General Plant Data/ Storage 2; (11) Accounting 1

View 欄位 輸入資料 Gen. Material PU-FG-Sxx Industrial sector Mechanical Engineering Plant 1000 Storage Location 0001 Sales Org. Distribution Chann. 10 Language DE Material description PU FG

View 欄位 輸入資料 Basic Data 1 Base unit of measure PC Material group 001 Gross weight 85 Net weight 80 Sales: sales org. 1 Division 00 Delivery plant 1000 Tax classification 1 Sales:gen./plant Trans. Grp 0001 Loading Grp 0003

View 欄位 輸入資料 MRP1 MRP type PD MRP Controller 001 Lot Size EX MRP2 Procure. type E Prod. stor. locat. 0001 Storage loc.for EP SchedMargin key 000 In-house production 3 GR processing time 1

View 欄位 輸入資料 MRP3 Strategy group 40 Acc. 1 Valuation class 7920

複製完成品物料主檔 複製PU-FG-Sxx 到 PU-FG-SxxCP

新增物料(原物料)主檔 選9Views (1) Basic data 1; (2) Purchasing; (3) MRP 1; (4) MRP 2; (5) MRP 3; (6) MRP 4 (7) General Plant Data/Storage 1; (8) General Plant Data/Storage 2; (9) Accounting 1.

View 欄位 輸入資料 Gen. Material PU-RM-Sxx Industrial sector Mechanical Engineering Plant 1000 Storage Location 0001 Basic Data 1 Material description PU Raw Material xx Base unit of measure PC Material group 001 Gross weight 20 Weight unit KG Net weight 15

View 欄位 輸入資料 Purchasing Purchasing group 001 Purchasing value key 1 MRP 1 MRP type PD MRP controller MRP group 0000 Lot size EX MRP 2 Stor. loc. for EP 0001 Issue stor. location Plnd delivery time 2 GR processing time SchedMargin key 000

View 欄位 輸入資料 MRP 3 Strategy group 10 Availability check 01 MRP 4 Individual/coll. 2 Plant data/stor.1 Storage condition 02 Plant data/stor.2 Profit Center 9999 Accounting 1 Price Control V Valuation class 3000 Mov. Avg. price 22

複製原物料主檔 複製PU-RM-Sxx 到 PU-RM-SxxCP(多warehouse mgmt 1及warehouse mgmt 2 views) View 欄位 輸入資料 Gen. Material PU-RM-SxxCP Plant 1000 Stor. location 0088 Whse number 001 Stor. type MRP2 Storage loc. For EP Issue stor. location W/h mgmt. 1 Stock removal HRL Stock placement Storage section W/H mgmt. 2 Storage bin 02-07-09 Acc. 1 Mov. Avg. price 45

新增物料(包裝材料)主檔 選6views (1)Basic Data 1; (2) Sales: Sales Org. Data1; (3) Sales: General/Plant Data; (4) General Plant Data/ Storage 1; (5) General Plant Data/ Storage 2; (6) Accounting 1

View 欄位 輸入資料 Gen. Material PU-PK-Sxx Industrial sector Mechanical Engineering Plant 1000 Storage Location 0001 Sales org. Distr. Channel 10 Basic Data 1 Material description PU Packing Material xx Base unit of measure PC Material group 008 Division 00 Gross weight 2 Weight unit KG Net weight 1.5