Federal Aviation Administration Comparison of NextGen and SESAR Modernisation Initiatives ASAS TN2 Paris By: Don Ward Date: April 2008

2 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only One Billion+ Passengers in U.S. Skies by 2015 Potential for Triple Demand by 2025 New Entrants Such as Very Light Jets Global Market Opportunities Travel and Tourism Growth Aviation and Aerospace represent a large portion of GDP The “Driving Need” is Similar for NextGen and SESAR

3 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only But, There Are Problems Aging, Inefficient, Unreliable and Costly Air Transportation Infrastructure Reaching the Limits of Capacity Rapidly growing concern over environmental impact

4 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only NextGen Goal Achieve a Next Generation Air Transportation System that meets the nations’s future air transportation safety, security, mobility, efficiency, and environmental needs SESAR Goal To achieve a performance-based European ATM System, built in partnership, to best support the ever increasing societal and States’ (including military) expectations for air transport with respect to the growing mobility of both citizens & goods and all the other aviation activities, in a safe, secure & environmentally sustainable & cost-effective manner

5 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Similarity in Regional Environment Pressures –Growth-Capacity Conflict –Environment –Affordability Commercial Customers Obligations –ICAO Oversight Opportunities –Advances in Technology –Procedure Improvement

6 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Differences in Regional Environment Geography –Weather problem –Traffic distribution/density ATM Service –Number of Service Providers –Source and methods of Finance Market –General Aviation Culture and Politics –Number/Diversity of States

7 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only NextGen & SESAR Objectives are Similar Expand Capacity Global Aviation Harmonization Ensure Safety (with increasing capacity) Protect the Environment Improve Service for Aviation Customers

8 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only NextGen Construct differs from SESAR Institutional –U.S. Government is ANSP (won’t change any time soon) –FAA funding is not cost-based –FAA includes regulation and service provision Different stakeholder balance –Major lobbies for GA and business users, single military presence Scope: –NextGen curb-to-curb, security, … Industry involvement different –NextGen is more government owned and driven –Industry participation is through the NGATS Institute to avoid competitive issues

9 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only NextGen: A Look Under the Hood

10 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only NextGen Functional Areas Trajectory-Based and Performance-Based Operations and Support Airport Operations and Support Safety Management Environmental Management Framework Layered Adaptive Security Positioning Navigation and Timing Services Surveillance Services Net-Centric Infrastructure Services Weather Information Services

11 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Trajectory-Based and Performance-Based Operations and Support Services and Operations based on precise trajectory execution  User preferences are accommodated as best possible  4D-/Business Trajectories are digitally exchanged among aircraft, operators, and service providers  Use four-dimensional trajectories to analyze and predict system behavior

12 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only  Network Enabled Operations (NEO)  Network Enabled Infrastructure (NEI)  Network Enabled Weather (NEW) Net-Centric Infrastructure Services System-Wide Information Management

13 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only  Net-centric weather information is made available and understandable to all approved users  A reliable virtual, common weather picture is foundational for optimal air transportation decision-making  Emphasis is not just about improving forecasts, but on making better decisions with available data Weather Information Services

14 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Convective Weather Problem

15 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only  Adaptive Security for People, Cargo, Airports and Aircraft  Risk Assessment-Driven Evaluation and Response  Positive Identification for People and Cargo  Preventive Threat Detection and Mitigation Layered Adaptive Security

16 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Position, Navigation and Timing Services (PNT)  Air routes are independent of the location of ground-based navigation aids  RNAV is used everywhere; RNP is used where required  System performance meets operational needs to service the demand  Increased availability of guided approaches at smaller airports* * Mostly for general aviation with lower minimums

17 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Airport Operations and Support  Improved surface Information  Potential use of Virtual Towers  VFR-like operations when using instruments

18 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only  Integrated evaluation, rather than relying on post-accident data analysis  Identify emerging threats through improved collection and analysis of safety data Safety Management

19 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only  Holistic approach to impact on environment  Fuel savings and reduced emissions & noise are central goals to NextGen  Continuous Descent Approach will be an early demonstration program for NextGen Environmental Management Framework

20 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Surveillance Services  Migration from ground-based surveillance to satellite-based systems

21 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only The Integrated Work Plan Provides the integrated framework to achieve the NextGen vision across all major development partners. Builds upon the framework presented in the 2004 Integrated Plan Describes the transition from the current to the end state defined in the NextGen Concept of Operations and the Enterprise Architecture. A dynamic instrument continually refined and enhanced to reflect current priorities, budgets and programs IWP will be the JPDO plan to achieve NextGen

22 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Summary of Key Characteristics for NextGen and SESAR Shift to increase User Focus –User preferences and business models Distributed and Collaborative Decision-Making –Distributed, but optimize on Network Plan Implement Just Safety Culture/Safety Management Take advantage of Automation; Tailor automation to assist humans –Human role will shift to ATM, with less emphasis on tactical control Reduce Impact of Weather –Equivalent Visional Ops for NextGen –80% equivalence for SESAR –Common weather picture and improved decision support Migrate to digital and satellite-based technologies

23 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Building NextGen NextGen ATM Evolution FY07 – 11 4DT Management Performance-Based Ops & Services Equivalent Visual Ops (CDTI) Roles of Pilots & Controllers FY19 – 25 Research for Transformed NextGen State Research Complete R&D leading to mid-term Continue R&D that address long-term NextGen challenges Develop & implement known & new procedures, infrastructure, technologies Develop NextGen systems integration plan for mid-term transition to NextGen Complete infrastructure and systems engineering for mid-term Core Technologies, Capabilities & Sys Eng Epoch 1 FY07-11 Aircraft equipped for the mid-term & upgradeable to NextGen target Deliver NextGen services & capabilities across domains Complete “hard” infrastructure – airports, runways, terminals, security Management & operating models support transition to NextGen and long-term sustainability Mid-Term Transition to NextGen Epoch 2FY12-18 FY12 – 18 Super Density Operations Time-Based Surface Ops Right Sizing of Facilities NextGen solutions fully-integrated & operating across air transportation system Services managed & operating in ways that achieve transformational outcomes across air transportation system NextGen Solutions Fully Integrated & Operating Epoch 3 FY19-25

24 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only SESAR ATM Evolution

25 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only SESAR Implementation

26 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only Elements sort by: - Agency - Interdependencies - Type - Timing Net-Enabled Information Access Performance-Based Services Weather-Assimilated Decision Making Layered, Adaptive Security Position, Navigation, and Timing Services Trajectory-Based Aircraft Ops “Equivalent Visual” Ops “Super Density” Ops TimingAgencyRulemakingInterdependencies NextGen Integrated Work Plan Data Elements

27 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only SESAR Operational Improvement Construct

28 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only ASAS Self Separation Nextgen and SESAR both plan to migrate Separation method from ATC as done today, progressing to airborne self- separation NextGen (EN-0032) Self Separation timeline 2022 SESAR timeline is IWP3; post 2020

29 Federal Aviation Administration For Official Use Only How We are Working Together JPDO Global Harmonisation Work Group Memorandum of Cooperation between FAA and Eurocontrol Memorandum of Understanding between FAA and EC Joint Participation on numerous Global Work Groups Joint agreement on Atlantic Interoperability Initiative to Reduce Emissions (AIRE)