1 (The Role of) Mental Imagery in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics John Mason Tower Hamlets June 08
2 Conjectures Mental imagery is perhaps THE fundamental power possessed by humans –It is the basis for planning and for carrying out plans; –It is the root of expectation and the mechanism for motivation –It is the basis for algebra and geometry
3 Outline Some tasks (paration) Some reflection (post-paration) Some pre-paration
4 Imagine … A straight line …
5 Backwards Arithmetic When I call out a number, you must write it down from right to left, with the units digit on the left Useful Strategy: impose an unusual constraint so as to force yourself to bring internalised procedures to the surface
6 Tulips
7 Kites
8 CopperPlate Calculations
9 What’s Being Done? Does ‘it’ always work? What is the it? The calculation comes from an Arabic manuscript Hindu Reckoning written by Kushyar ibn-Lebban about 1000 C.E. (quoted in NCTM 1969 p133)
10 Layout Treviso and Pacioli Multiplications Historical Topics for the Mathematics Classroom, NCTM p
11 Construction
12 Construction
13 Raise your hand when you can see Something which is 2/5 of something Something which is 3/5 of something Something which is 2/3 of something –What others can you see? Something which is 1/3 of 3/5 of something Something which is 3/5 of 1/3 of something Something which is 2/5 of 5/2 of something Something which is 1 ÷ 2/5 of something
14 What fractions can you ‘see’? What relationships between fractions can you see?
15 Using Mental Imagery When planning a lesson When reflecting on a lesson When introducing a lesson or a task Getting learners to use their imagery –Anticipating –Predicting –Going beyond the physically possible