Internationalization of Java Platform Presenter: Ataru Nakazawa Advisor: Xiaoping Jia Date: January 23, 2004

Overview 1. Introduction 2. Issues 3. Unicode Research Design 5. Problem and challenge 6. Work Plan 7. References

Introduction How many countries are in the world? How many countries are in the world? How many languages are in the world? How many languages are in the world? How many people are in the world? How many people are in the world?

Answers How many countries are in the world? How many countries are in the world? 192 countries (U.S. Department of State) 192 countries (U.S. Department of State) How many languages are in the world? How many languages are in the world? It is difficult to give an exact figure of the number of languages that exist in the world. According to “Ethnologue”, it is usually estimated between 3,000 and 8,000. It is difficult to give an exact figure of the number of languages that exist in the world. According to “Ethnologue”, it is usually estimated between 3,000 and 8,000. How many people are in the world? How many people are in the world? 6,328,406,644 (U.S census Bureau) 6,328,406,644 (U.S census Bureau)

What is Internationalization? Internationalization is the process of designing an application so that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes. Internationalization is the process of designing an application so that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes. i18n i18n

What is Localization? Localization is the process of adapting software for a specific region or language by adding locale-specific components and translating text. Localization is the process of adapting software for a specific region or language by adding locale-specific components and translating text. l10n l10n Example Example Buongiorno (Italian) Hello (English) l10n

Issues (Culturally Dependent Data) Messages (e.g. English, Italian, Spanish and Japanese) Messages (e.g. English, Italian, Spanish and Japanese) Dates (e.g. November/14/2003, 14 / 11 /2003) Dates (e.g. November/14/2003, 14 / 11 /2003) Times Times Numbers Numbers Currencies (e.g. $, £, ¥, ) Currencies (e.g. $, £, ¥, ) Measurements (e.g. length, weight, capacity, temperature) Measurements (e.g. length, weight, capacity, temperature) Phone numbers Phone numbers Postal addresses Postal addresses Labels on GUI components Labels on GUI components

Issues that has been solved Locale Locale Formatting Messages Formatting Messages Character Sets and Unicode Character Sets and Unicode Collation Collation Fonts Fonts Graphical User Interfaces Graphical User Interfaces Input Methods Input Methods

Issues that has not been solved Unicode 4.0 Support Unicode 4.0 Support Complex Text Enhancement Complex Text Enhancement Character Converter Framework Character Converter Framework Input Method Framework Input Method Framework My research is going to be the Unicode 4.0 support in Java

Unicode 4.0 support in Java Currently, Unicode standard version 4.0 and Java 2 Standard Edition are released (As of January 5, 2004). But the J2SE1.4.2 supports only Unicode 3.0. The Unicode 4.0 is not being supported by the J2SE Java 1.5 is going to be released in this coming summer of It is going to support Unicode 3.1 but Unicode 4.0.

Unsupported Unicode Blocks 47,188 new character assignments were made to the Unicode standard version ,188 new character assignments were made to the Unicode standard version 4.0 from version unsupported Unicode blocks. 38 unsupported Unicode blocks.

Research Design The java.lang.Character and java.lang.Character. UnicodeBlock classes need updating to provide access to the new characters and blocks. The java.lang.Character and java.lang.Character. UnicodeBlock classes need updating to provide access to the new characters and blocks. The normalization algorithm, used by the Collator object, needs modification so that collation and string comparison are carried out correctly. The normalization algorithm, used by the Collator object, needs modification so that collation and string comparison are carried out correctly. The case mapping rules used to perform case mappings between upper and lower case letters need upgrading to handle new characters. The case mapping rules used to perform case mappings between upper and lower case letters need upgrading to handle new characters. The character encoding converters need modification to support these new characters. The character encoding converters need modification to support these new characters.

Problem and Challenge 32 bits character assignments were made since Unicode 4.0. That is why supporting the new Unicode characters that are bigger than 16 bits would be the hardest part. 32 bits character assignments were made since Unicode 4.0. That is why supporting the new Unicode characters that are bigger than 16 bits would be the hardest part.

Work Plan Design Design January, February, March Testing TestingApril

References Java Tutorial, Sun Microsystems, Java Tutorial, Sun Microsystems, Java Internationalization, O'Reilly, Java Internationalization, O'Reilly, Unicode Standard Version 4.0, Unicode Inc, Unicode Standard Version 4.0, Unicode Inc, Java Internationalization Forum. Java Internationalization Forum.

E n d