The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-1 Skyworker Assembly, Inspection, and Maintenance of SSP Facilities Field Robotics Center December 8, 1999 William “Red” Whittaker Peter Staritz Chris Urmson

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-2 Space Solar Power Assembly, Inspection, and Maintenance (AIM) Extensive structures –Kilometers in dimension –Millions of parts SSP environment –Wide temperature range, sometimes exceeding 500K –Solar Proton Events –Galactic Cosmic Radiation –Microwave Radiation –Kilovolt buses Long duration operations –1 year construction –30 years operation

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-3 Motivation for a Robotic Workforce High, inaccessible orbit Overwhelming EVA agenda –Millions of parts –10’s of Millions of Manipulations Long term operations Harsh environment Robots are expendable and repairable Lower support costs

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-4 Assembly, Inspection, and Maintenance Tasks 3D agile traversal of a truss structure Pick up and place payloads at arbitrary locations and orientations Carry payloads while walking, turning, and transitioning planes Conduct calibration and inspection tasks Connect power and communications cables Cooperatively carry bulky, massive payloads Perform tasks that require multiple robot collaboration Current Program Future Work

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-5 Possible Avenues Free Flying Systems –Require expenditure of mass to move –Result in tons of spare fuel –Risky docking operations Fixed Manipulators (e.g. shuttle & station) –Anchored to a hard point on the structure –Limited reach –Longer reach results in larger dynamic/reaction forces Attached Mobile Manipulators (AMM) –No mass expenditure –“Unlimited” reach –Ability to “walk lightly” –Temporarily attach for working reaction forces AMM is the archetype for SSP AIM

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-6 Skyworker Scope Robot Prototype and Software Simulation –Demonstrate the viability of using robots for orbital construction –Prove the validity of using structure walkers for orbital AIM –Demonstrate SSP AIM relevant tasks using robotics –Simulate prospective SSP AIM robots and tasks

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-7 SkyworkerSkyworker Self Contained Continuous gait allows payload to move at constant velocity –Requires less energy –Exerts less stress on the structure (walks lightly) Counterbalanced to emulate micro g Onboard processor and distributed control network Mass: ~35 kg Dimensions: 3 m x.5 m x.1 m 11 DOF

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-8 Skyworker Simulation 3D visualization of SSP AIM activity Allows study of operations, and scale effects Kinematic models demonstrate extended operations –Coordinated operations –Long term, large scale tasks

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-9 Results to Date Skyworker developed Component testing complete Simulation package operational Concept to operation in 99 days

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-10 DemonstrationDemonstration Prototype –Pick up and carry a model transmitting element the length of the truss, turn while carrying, couple the element to the structure –Perform a mock calibration –Demonstrate “walking lightly” Simulation –Perform prototype robot tasks –Perform plane transition –Assemble a large scale construction utilizing multiple robots Emphasis placed on system level activity –Current grippers and sensors are placeholders for future development

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-11 Development Team Skyworker has been developed by a team of staff and students at CMU William “Red” Whittaker Chris Gaiser Oren Laskin Dewitt Latimer Jason Messinger Jonathan Samuel Sarjoun Scaff Peter Staritz Chris Urmson Tim Warneck Will Wong

The Next Step SPACE ROBOTICS INITIATIVE Skyworker-TIM2 12/8/99-12 Skyworker DOF