1 Pertemuan 6 Transaksi Dokumen dan pembayaran Elektronik Matakuliah: H0292 / E-Business Tahun: 2005 Versi: v0 / Revisi 1

2 Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : Menjelaskan cara kerja sistem transaksi pengiriman dokumen dan pembayaran elektronik

3 Outline Materi Teknologi EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) Teknologi Pembayaran elektronik –Electronic / digital cash –Electronic checks –Online credit card based systems –Instrumen financial lain

4 Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)  Computer-to-computer exchange of business information has become an increasingly popular form of electronic commerce.  EDI enables firms to exchange business information faster, more cheaply, and more accurately than using paper-based systems.  EDI used in manufacturing, shipping, warehousing, utilities, pharmaceuticals, construction, petroleum, metals, banking, government, health care, etc.  EDI consists of standardized electronic-message formats (transaction sets) for business documents such as requests for quotations, purchase orders, purchase change orders, bill of lading, receiving advices, and invoices.  To move to EDI, a company must have computerized accounting records and establish trading partners who agree to exchange EDI transactions.  Benefits of EDI: improved in overall record keeping quality, reduced inventory, better information for mgt decision making.

5 Document Flow without EDI

6 Document Flow with EDI

7 Electronic Credit Card System on the Internet The Players –Cardholder –Merchant (seller) –Issuer (your bank) –Acquirer (merchant’s financial institution, acquires the sales slips) –Brand (VISA, Master Card)

8 Cardholder Merchant credit card Card Brand Company Payment authorization, payment data Issuer Bank Cardholder Account Acquirer Bank Merchant Account account debit data payment data Credit Card Procedure (offline and online) 8 payment data amount transfer © Prentice Hall, 2000

9 Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT) on the Internet An Architecture of Electronic Fund Transfer on the Internet Internet Payer Cyber Bank Bank Cyber Bank Payee Automated Clearinghouse VAN Bank VAN Payment Gateway Payment Gateway

10 Debit Cards A delivery vehicle of cash in an electronic form Mondex, VisaCash applied this approach Either anonymous or onymous CyberCash has commercialized a debit card named CyberCoin as a medium of micropayments on the Internet

11 Electronic Cash and Micropayments Smart Cards –The concept of e-cash is used in the non-Internet environment –Plastic cards with magnetic stripes (old technology) –Includes IC chips with programmable functions on them which makes cards “smart” –One e-cash card for one application –Recharge the card only at designated locations, such as bank office or a kiosk. Future: recharge at your PC –e.g. Mondex & VisaCash

12 Electronic Money DigiCash –The analogy of paper money or coins –Expensive, as each payment transaction must be reported to the bank and recorded –Conflict with the role of central bank’s bill issuance –Legally, DigiCash is not supposed to issue more than an electronic gift certificate even though it may be accepted by a wide number of member stores

13 Stored Value Cards Electronic Money (cont.) –No issuance of money –Debit card — a delivering vehicle of cash in an electronic form –Either anonymous or onymous –Advantage of an anonymous card the card may be given from one person to another –Also implemented on the Internet without employment of an IC card

14 Smart card-based e-cash –Can be recharged at home through the Internet –Can be used on the Internet as well as in a non- Internet environment Ceiling of Stored Values –To prevent the abuse of stored values in money laundry –S$500 in Singapore; HK$3,000 in Hong Kong Multiple Currencies –Can be used for cross border payments Electronic Money (cont.)