Two-Level Logic Minimization Exact minimization –problem : very large number of prime and very large number of minterm Heuristic minimization –avoid computing.

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Two-Level Logic Minimization Exact minimization –problem : very large number of prime and very large number of minterm Heuristic minimization –avoid computing all primes –successively modify a given initial cover of the function until a suitable stopping(local search) criterion is met

Local Search A Pictorial Representation of Local Search

Local Search absolute minimum local minimum g(x) x f(x) x A Convex Optimization Problem A Non-Convex Optimization Problem

Expand Input, Reduce Output (Single Output) z y x (a)(b) xyz f xyz f

Expand Output, Reduce Input (Multiple Output) z y x z y x f1f1 f2f2 f1f1 f2f2 xyz f 1 f xyz f 1 f

Reduce Input, Expand Output (Multiple Output) z y x f1f1 f2f2 xyz f 1 f xyz f 1 f

Simple Minization Loop F = EXPAND(F,D); F = IRREDUNDANT(F,D); do { cost = F ; F = REDUCE(F,D); F = EXPAND(F,D); F = IRREDUNDANT(F,D); } while ( F < cost ); F = MAKE_SPARSE(F,D);