The Acute Phase Response Activated in response to “alarm” cytokines: IL-1, IL-6. Enhances host resistance, minimizes tissue injury, promotes resolution.

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Presentation transcript:

The Acute Phase Response Activated in response to “alarm” cytokines: IL-1, IL-6. Enhances host resistance, minimizes tissue injury, promotes resolution and repair of inflammatory lesion.

The Inflammatory Response Produced through: (I) Ab Independence (a) Tissue Injury (b) Alternate complement pathway (II) Ab Dependence (a) Classical complement (b) Mast cell degranulation

Mediators of Inflammation

Mast Cell Mediators

Chemokines` Function: Stimulates chemokinesis and chemotaxis (a chemotactic cytokine.) Two types: –C-C (produced mainly by activated T cells - acts mainly on subsets of m/p’s and T H cells). e.g. RANTES –C-X-C (produced mainly by m/p’s, endothelial cells, fibroblasts - acts mainly on neutrophils). e.g. IL-8

The Complement Pathway

Biological Functions of Complement

Biological Functions of Macrophages Phagocytosis Antigen-presenting cell Cytokine production

Innate vs Acquired Immunity

Innate-Adaptive Immunity

The Antiviral Response

Fc Receptors

Antiviral Immunity

TNF 

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity I

T Cell Receptor

Mechanism of T Cell Triggering

Successful Effector Cell Stimulation Requires Accessory Molecules

T H 1 vs T H 2