Announcements Homework 3 due Monday Test next week: Wednesday or Thursday (your choice); at SL 228 testing center; one hour time limit; no calculators;

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Giants of Science Part Two Tycho Brahe & Johannes Kepler
Advertisements

Kepler’s laws.
Early Astronomers & Planetary Motion
Galileo, Tycho, and Kepler. Galileo’s Experiments ( ) Galileo is considered the father of modern physics, and even modern science. He performed.
PHY 104 Tuesday, January 29, 2008 PLANETARY MOTION andGRAVITY.
Earth Aristotle BC Aristotle Geocentric model.
Announcements Solutions to Homework 3 are posted on web site. Test next week: Tuesday, Wednesday, or Thursday (your choice); at testing center; one hour.
Geocentric Model Earth is center of our Solar System
Galileo, Tycho, and Kepler and Kepler. Galileo’s Experiments ( ) Galileo tried something new – doing experiments! Dropping balls to measure gravity.
Kepler’s Laws Of Planetary Motions. Introduction Kepler’s three laws are empirical - they describe a phenomenon without explaining why it occurs. Kepler.
ASTRONOMY 161 Introduction to Solar System Astronomy Class 6.
Observing the solar system
MODELS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM. ARISTOTLE Greek philosopher ( BC) He promoted an earth centered called geocentric, model of solar system He said the.
Web 1 Ancient Theories of Solar System 1.heliocentric theory 2. geocentric theory 3. Aristotle 4. Aristarchus 5. Ptolemy 6. Copernicus 7. Johannes Kepler.
Geocentric vs. Heliocentric
Observing the Solar System Section Early Observations Greek Observations Saw star patterns in the sky travel together (Constellations)
MARS JOHANNES KEPLER THE SOLAR SYSTEM LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION.
Today’s APODAPOD  Review Chapter 1, Kepler’s Laws  Read Chapter 2: Gravity & Motion  2 nd Homework due Sept. 26  Rooftop Session Tuesday evening, 9PM.
Announcements 1 st Quarter Observing Night Wednesday night. Set-up starts at 6:45pm. We will be in the SSC Atrium as the temperature will be too cold to.
Astronomy The Science that Studies The Universe Ancient Greeks To Isaac Newton.
Survey of the Universe Tom Burbine
Planetary Orbits The ancient Greeks (Aristotle and Plato) thought the only perfect shapes were the circle and line. All things fall in a line toward Earth,
Early Astronomers Tycho Brahe Galileo Galilei Johannes Kepler Nicholas Copernicus Edmund Halley Sir Isaac Newton.
The law of orbits:  All planets move in elliptical orbits, with the sun at one focus.
Universal Gravitation. Brief Astronomical History A.D Ptolemy Greek Astronomer A.D. Believed in Geo- centrism First to latitude and longitude.
Bellwork 1.Who is credited with the revolutionary model of a HELIOCENTRIC solar system? A. Aristotle B. Ptolemy C. Galileo D. Copernicus 2.The planets.
In 1543 Copernicus published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres in which he proposed that Earth and the other planets orbit the sun in perfect.
Kepler’s Laws of planetary motion. Ellipse lab. Tycho Brahe Tycho Brahe was a Danish astronomer who is best known for the astronomical observations which.
Johannas Kepler Johannas Kepler Planetary Orbital Laws Planetary Orbital Laws.
In this chapter you will:  Learn the nature of gravitational force.  Relate Kepler’s laws of planetary motion to Newton's laws of motion.  Describe.
Announcements Turn in Homework 3, pick up Homework 4. Test this week: Wednesday or Thursday (your choice); SL 228 testing center; one hour time limit;
Theories of Planetary Motion
The History of Astronomy Part 4 The Debate Heats Up Tycho and Kepler.
EARTH & SPACE SCIENCE Chapter 27 Planets of the Solar System 27.2 Models of the Solar System.
PHY134 Introductory Astronomy Galileo – and Newton!! 1.
Kepler’s Laws Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation was based on the work of Johannes Kepler.
Kepler’s Laws 1.Definitions: Law, Theory, etc. 2.Johannes Kepler 3.Patterns of Orbits 4.Bonus: Tycho Brahe.
Kepler’s Laws of planetary motion Newton’s law of universal gravitation Free fall acceleration on surface of a planet Satellite motion Lecture 13: Universal.
Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion © David Hoult 2009.
Circular Motion Chapter 9.
Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion - 3 Laws -. Elliptical Orbits Planets travel in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus. Furthest point = Aphelion.
Galileo, Tycho, and Kepler. Galileo is considered the father of modern physics, and even modern science. He performed a variety of experiments, such as:
The “Geocentric Model” Aristotle vs. Aristarchus (3 rd century B.C.): Aristotle: Sun, Moon, Planets and Stars rotate around fixed Earth. Ancient Greek.
THE SOLAR SYSTEM Chapter 24A. Unit Objectives Compare models of the solar system To list and describe the objects in our solar system.
Historical Models of our Solar System and Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion.
EARTH & SPACE SCIENCE Chapter 27 Planets of the Solar System 27.2 Models of the Solar System.
Ptolemy ( AD ) History of Astronomy - lived in Egypt, at the time a Roman province, where he ruled as a governor - wrote The Almagest, one of.
Bellwork 1.Who is credited with the revolutionary model of a HELIOCENTRIC solar system? A. Aristotle B. Ptolemy C. Galileo D. Copernicus 2.The planets.
Gravitation Chapter 7. Kepler’s Laws  In the 1600s Johannes Kepler proposed three laws of planetary motion based on observational data. The laws are:
Bellwork Who is credited with the revolutionary model of a HELIOCENTRIC solar system? A. Aristotle B. Ptolemy C. Galileo D. Copernicus The planets loop.
Johannes Kepler (1571 – 1630).
Kepler’s Laws Of Planetary Motions.
Observing the Solar System
Chatfield Senior High Physics
Astronomy Earth Science.
Giants of Science Part Two Tycho Brahe & Johannes Kepler
A Brief History of Astronomy
7.3 Kepler’s Laws.
The Laws of Planetary Motion
The History of Astronomy
Observing the Solar System
MARS JOHANNES KEPLER THE SOLAR SYSTEM LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION.
LESSON 12: KEPLER’S LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION
Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion
Physics 20 Motion in the Heavens.
After Tycho Brahe’s death, Johannes Kepler (pictured here with Tycho in the background) used Tycho’s observations to deduce the three laws of planetary.
The History of Astronomy
MARS JOHANNES KEPLER THE SOLAR SYSTEM LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION.
Solar System Formation and MOTION
Johannes Kepler Tycho Brahe Kepler’s 3 laws of planetary motion:
Presentation transcript:

Announcements Homework 3 due Monday Test next week: Wednesday or Thursday (your choice); at SL 228 testing center; one hour time limit; no calculators; study homework, lectures, textbook

Kepler’s Laws 15 September 2006

Today: How Johannes Kepler found a much more accurate scheme for predicting planetary positions, based on new mathematical laws

Tycho Brahe Danish astronomer, Tycho made highly accurate (within 1/60 degree) naked- eye observations of the positions of stars and planets over many years. He proposed a compromise model in which all the other planets orbit the sun, but the sun orbits the earth.

Johannes Kepler German astronomer, Kepler worked under Tycho during , then inherited the records of Tycho’s detailed observations. He accepted the Copernican hypothesis, but abandoned the assumption that all motions are circular.

The Orbit of Mars based on Tycho’s observations Earth Toward Mars

The Orbit of Mars Earth 1.9 years later

The Orbit of Mars

The Orbit is an Ellipse! Focus The sun is at one focus; there’s nothing at the other.

Planets go faster when they’re close to the sun A line drawn from the sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

Outer planets move slower than inner planets. Time (yr)Radius (AU) Mercury Venus Earth1.00 Mars Jupiter Saturn

Outer planets move slower than inner planets. Time (yr)Radius (AU)(Time) 2 (Radius) 3 Mercury Venus Earth1.00 Mars Jupiter Saturn

Outer planets move slower than inner planets. Time (yr)Radius (AU)(Time) 2 (Radius) 3 Mercury Venus Earth1.00 Mars Jupiter Saturn (Time in years) 2 = (Radius in AU) 3

Kepler’s Laws 1.Orbits are ellipses, with sun at one focus. 2.Equal areas in equal times (faster when close to sun) 3.(Time in years) 2 = (Radius in AU) 3 Bottom line: The universe speaks math!