EET 110 – Survey of Electronics Chapter 3

Lab Measurements Lab 2-2 – Resistor Color Code –Use the text to determine value –Use care in interpreting the colors on the devices –Virtually ALL of our components will be either three or four band resistors –If you happen across a five band resistor, just ignore the fifth band

Lab Measurements Lab 2-3 – Measuring Resistance –Note – although the parts list calls for a 2.5k potentiometer, the actual lab asked for a 200 ohm pot. Use the 2.5k or 500 ohm – just correct the list –Measurements will be made with the ANALOG meter –Note – your body resistance will affect the measurement.

Lab Measurements Lab 2-4 – Measuring Voltage –All parts except 200 ohm pot are in the Hickok kits: we will substitute a 500 ohm pot. –Measurements will be made using the Simpson analog meter AND the DMM –Voltage will be supplied by the triplet power supply.

Lab Measurements Lab 2-5 – Measuring Current –Again, parts will come from the Hickok kits –Also, we will use both the analog and digital (DMM) meters & compare results

FIGURE 3-1 Basic parts of a computer. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-3 Computer screen for a circuit simulation software. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-4 Ohm’s law circle: V-voltage; I-current; R-resistance. To use the circle, cover the value you want to find and read the other values as they appear in the formula: V = I ( R; I = V/R; R =V/I. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-5 Ohm’s law example. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-6 Effect of doubling the voltage. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-7 Effect of increasing resistance. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-8 Ohm’s law examples. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-9 Using Ohm’s law to find voltage. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-10 Using Ohm’s law to find resistance. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-11 Circuit to show subscripts. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-12 Series electrical circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-13 Finding total resistance in a series circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-14 Two lamps connected in a series. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-15 Using Ohm’s law for a series circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-16 Effect of adding resistance to a series circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-17 Parallel electrical circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-18 Current flow in a parallel circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-19 Finding total resistance of a parallel circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-20 Finding total resistance when all resistances are the same. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-21 Three lamps connected in parallel. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-22 Sample parallel circuit problem. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-23 Making measurements in a parallel circuit: (a) original circuit; (b) circuit set up to measure current through path 1. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (a)

FIGURE 3-23 continued Making measurements in a parallel circuit: (a) original circuit; (b) circuit set up to measure current through path 1. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (b)

FIGURE 3-24 Simple combination circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-25 Combination circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-26 Current paths in a combination circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-27 Combination-circuit example. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-28 Kirchhoff’s laws: (a) voltage law example; (b) current law examples. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-28 continued Kirchhoff’s laws: (a) voltage law example; (b) current law examples. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (b)

FIGURE 3-29 Series-circuit example. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-30 Series-circuit example. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-31 Parallel-circuit example. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-32 Current flow in a parallel circuit: (a) one path; (b) two paths; (c) R2 changed to 5 Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (a)

FIGURE 3-32 continued Current flow in a parallel circuit: (a) one path; (b) two paths; (c) R2 changed to 5 Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (b)

FIGURE 3-32 continued Current flow in a parallel circuit: (a) one path; (b) two paths; (c) R2 changed to 5 Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (c)

FIGURE 3-33 Combination-circuit example. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-34 Combination-circuit example. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-35 Formulas for finding voltage, current, resistance, or power. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-36 Finding power in a series circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-37 Finding power values in a parallel circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-38 Problem that shows maximum power transfer. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-39 Voltage-divider circuits: (a) series dc circuit used as a voltage divider; (b) tapped resistor used as a voltage divider; (c) potentiometer used as a voltage divider. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (a)

FIGURE 3-39 continued Voltage-divider circuits: (a) series dc circuit used as a voltage divider; (b) tapped resistor used as a voltage divider; (c) potentiometer used as a voltage divider. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (b)

FIGURE 3-39 continued Voltage-divider circuits: (a) series dc circuit used as a voltage divider; (b) tapped resistor used as a voltage divider; (c) potentiometer used as a voltage divider. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. (c)

FIGURE 3-40 Voltage-divider design. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-41 Voltage division: (a) equation for problem solving; (b) sample problem. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-41 continued Voltage division: (a) equation for problem solving; (b) sample problem. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-42 Negative voltage derived from a voltage divider. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-43 Voltage-divider design problem: (a) circuit; (b) voltage values. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-43 continued Voltage-divider design problem: (a) circuit; (b) voltage values. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-44 Kirchhoff’s voltage law: (a) voltage drop procedure; (b) algebraic procedure. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-45 Voltage law example. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-46 Kirchhoff’s voltage law example problem. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-47 The superposition method: (a) original circuit; (b) circuit with 30-V source shorted; © circuit with 10-V source shorted; (d) original circuit with currents recorded. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-48 Thevinin equivalent circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-49 Using the Thevinin method for a one-source circuit: (a) original circuit; (b) problem-solving procedure; (c) Thevinin equivalent circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-50 Determining circuit configuration for finding RTH. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-51 Calculating load current and voltage output. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-52 Two-source Thevinin equivalent circuit: (a) problem-solving procedures; (b) Thevinin equivalent circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-53 Norton equivalent circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-54 Norton equivalent circuit procedure: (a) problem-solving procedure; (b) Norton equivalent circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-55 Bridge circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-56 Simplification of a bridge circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

FIGURE 3-57 Calculating load current and voltage output of a bridge circuit. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.