Arch Building Systems II (2000/2001) Energy and Environmental Systems for Green Buildings Lecture 08 - Sustainable Management and Technology

Contents zSustainable Management zResource Efficiency zWater Conservation zWaster Management zHong Kong’s Situation

Multi-SCALE design with nature The scale of man Systems within systems

Sustainable Management zIt is about the management of ‘ecosystems’ ynatural ecosystems xe.g. water, atmosphere, soils, wetlands, forests xprovide ecosystem services e.g. support of the food chain, harvesting of animals or plants, and the provision of clean water or scenic views yother ecosystems xlandscape ecosystem xbuilding ecosystem xhuman ecosystem

Sustainable Management zInteractions between human and nature yland use yland cover yproduction yconsumption ydisposal zSustainable construction yconsider the influences on the ecological and social surroundings

Interactions between human and nature

Sustainable Management zSustainable design principles yeconomy of resources xenergy, water, and material ylife cycle design xconsider environmental quality, functional quality and future values yhumane design xreduce impact on nature xensure human comfort and health

Building life cycle and sustainable management Construction Operation & maintenance Demolition/Disposal Design Waste management RecycleReuse Materials and systems ReduceSelect Pre-Building Phase Building Phase Post-Building Phase Energy issuesWater conservation EfficiencyRenewableReduceRecycle

Resource Efficiency z‘Eco-efficiency’ ycombines the efficient use of both economic and ecological resources ysustainable management of natural resources xconservation and sustainable use of ‘biodiversity’ xthe ‘ecosystem’ provides services e.g. purification of water supplies by aquatic life-forms xadoption of more sustainable patterns of production and consumption

The three legged stool of sustainability Cost$/Benefits analysis

Resource Efficiency zAim yto reduce the demand and the costs for energy, water, and materials zResults ymonetary savings which benefit the local economy yreduced environmental impact yconservation of resources zIntegrated resources planning (IRP) & management

Resource Efficiency zMajor factors yappropriate material selection ywaste minimisation yrecycling of building materials yefficient use of water zThey also promote yincreased durability of buildings ycyclical utilisation of materials

The input and output streams of resource flow

Water Conservation zMethods yleak detection & prevention yefficient fixtures/appliances (e.g. low-flow toilets) ycorrect use of appliances (e.g. washing machine) ywater use for landscaping & irrigation zGreen design issues ygreywater reuse and rainwater recycling ycomposting toilets & wastewater treatment

Crops growing (for food or flowers) Using greywater for crops and landscape irrigation Espalier

Composting toilets

Waste Management zSources of solid waste yresidential & commercial yindustrial & agricultural yconstruction zElements of solid waste management ywaste generation, on-site storage, collection ytransfer and transport yprocessing and recovery ydisposal (e.g. landfill, incineration, composting)

Waste Management zGreen strategies ywaste prevention yconstruction and demolition recycling yarchitectural reuse ydesign for material recovery zImportant factors yon-site collection & storage space ysorting & separation (paper, glass, plastic, metal)

Waste Management zRecycling organic waste ymake use of organic nutrients in garbage, human waste, and sewage xfor growing crops/flowers in gardens xfor feeding to farms (e.g. ‘urban farming’) yfood gardens and city farmers

Hong Kong’s Situation zOne day in HK (popul. = 6.97 million) [1999] yfresh water consumption = 358 litre/person yelectricity consumption = 13.9 kWh/person yfood consumption: xvegetables 1,100 tonnes; fruits 1,800 tonnes xlive pigs 6,200 heads; live cattle 170 heads xlive poultry 190 tonnes; fresh eggs 200 tonnes xfreshwater fish 120 tonnes; marine fish 170 tonnes ysolid waste production = 18,040 tonnes

Projection of waste requiring disposal and population in HK (source: Waste Reduction Framework Plan)

“Buy Green Buildings, Get Free Balcony” - Mingpao “Island West Will Become An Enviro-friendly City” - Singtao

Hong Kong’s Situation zWaste reduction framework plan yhttp://info.gov.hk/wrc/framework.htm zRecent efforts for building industry ywaste minimization (e.g. sanitary fittings) yconstruction and demolition waste yflushing volume for flushing cisterns yrefuse storage and material recovery (* see also Practice Note for AP &RSE)