Real Time vs. Non-Real Time Dave Musson Jessica Speir Joe Zeles Tyler Brown

Summary Original Subject and New Subject Original Subject and New Subject Real Time Software Real Time Software Non-Real Time Software Non-Real Time Software Software that Contains Both Software that Contains Both Conclusion Conclusion

Original Subject What Motivates People to Act? What Motivates People to Act? IntrinsicIntrinsic ExtrinsicExtrinsic Overjustification Effect [Greene, Sternberg and Lepper (1976)]Overjustification Effect [Greene, Sternberg and Lepper (1976)] Why the Topic was ChosenWhy the Topic was Chosen Interesting and ComplexInteresting and Complex

Narrowed Topic Differences in Motivation Between Real Time Software and Non-Real Time Software? Differences in Motivation Between Real Time Software and Non-Real Time Software? Why Did We Change? Why Did We Change?

Real Time Software What is it? What is it? TeleconferencingTeleconferencing VideoconferencingVideoconferencing GamingGaming EDC BoardEDC Board

Real Time Software Motivation for using it Motivation for using it Instant ResponseInstant Response AccountabilityAccountability Feel Like Part of the GroupFeel Like Part of the Group AnonymityAnonymity Less in Small Groups Less in Small Groups More in Large Groups (if Supported) More in Large Groups (if Supported)

Real Time Software De-motivational Factors De-motivational Factors No Complete AnonymityNo Complete Anonymity What Applications Support This What Applications Support This Are They True Real Time Systems?Are They True Real Time Systems? No Ability to Multi-TaskNo Ability to Multi-Task Some Systems Have High Performance NeedsSome Systems Have High Performance Needs Accountability (also motivating)Accountability (also motivating)

Non-Real Time Software What is it? What is it? MyspaceMyspace ForumsForums WikisWikis

Non-Real Time Software Motivation for Using it Motivation for Using it Respond “When You Want To”Respond “When You Want To” What Other Applications or Products Take This To Their Advantage? What Other Applications or Products Take This To Their Advantage? What Applications Should? What Applications Should? Do These Applications Contribute To the Flattening of the World? Do These Applications Contribute To the Flattening of the World?

Non-Real Time Software Motivation for using it (Cont.) Motivation for using it (Cont.) Can Support Complete AnonymityCan Support Complete Anonymity Anybody Use Applications With Complete Anonymity? Anybody Use Applications With Complete Anonymity? Why Do You Like Anonymity? Why Do You Like Anonymity? Why Do You Dislike It? Why Do You Dislike It? Allows for a Much Larger User GroupAllows for a Much Larger User Group

Non-Real Time Software De-motivational Factors De-motivational Factors Can’t Get an Immediate ResponseCan’t Get an Immediate Response AnonymityAnonymity No AccountabilityNo Accountability

Non-Real Time Software Wikipedia Wikipedia Counting Edits (study by Jim Wales)Counting Edits (study by Jim Wales) 50% of the Edits are Done By 0.7% of the User Population 50% of the Edits are Done By 0.7% of the User Population Counting Content (i.e. – Number of Characters)Counting Content (i.e. – Number of Characters) Statistics are Reversed Statistics are Reversed Most of the Content is By Users Who Make Only a Few Edits Most of the Content is By Users Who Make Only a Few Edits People Who Make Tons of Edits Usually Move Text Around, Fix Syntax, etc… People Who Make Tons of Edits Usually Move Text Around, Fix Syntax, etc… Future Study Will Be Based Off Content, Not Edits Future Study Will Be Based Off Content, Not Edits

Non-Real Time Software Wikipedia (Cont.) Wikipedia (Cont.) Most Content is Provided by People That Know of the Topic in DepthMost Content is Provided by People That Know of the Topic in Depth Symmetry of Ignorance and Fish Scale ModelSymmetry of Ignorance and Fish Scale Model Wikipedia Relies on the Large Number of Users to Provide ContentWikipedia Relies on the Large Number of Users to Provide Content

Non-Real Time Software Why Don’t You Contribute To Wikipedia? Why Don’t You Contribute To Wikipedia?

Why People Do Not Contribute Why People Do Not Contribute Do Not Have Any Information to Contribute or Assume They Do NotDo Not Have Any Information to Contribute or Assume They Do Not Feel That a Small Contribution Will Not HelpFeel That a Small Contribution Will Not Help They are Not GenerousThey are Not Generous Social Loafing No ResponsibilitySocial Loafing No Responsibility Non-Real Time Software

Social Loafing Social Loafing Responsibility

Conclusions of Real Time Real Time Systems Real Time Systems Motivating FactorsMotivating Factors No Social Loafing No Social Loafing Instant Response Instant Response Good for Small Groups Good for Small Groups De-Motivating FactorsDe-Motivating Factors Accountability (can lead to shyness) Accountability (can lead to shyness) Must Be Available (hard to do with large groups) Must Be Available (hard to do with large groups) System RequirementsSystem Requirements Must Be Reliable and Usually High Performance Must Be Reliable and Usually High Performance

Conclusions of Non-Real Time Non-Real Time Systems Non-Real Time Systems Motivating FactorsMotivating Factors Participate When you Want Participate When you Want Anonymity Anonymity Good for Large Groups (often requires large groups) Good for Large Groups (often requires large groups) De-Motivating FactorsDe-Motivating Factors Social Loafing Social Loafing System RequirementsSystem Requirements Requires Large User BaseRequires Large User Base Doesn’t Need to be as ReliableDoesn’t Need to be as Reliable Not Necessarily Motivating for ParticipantsNot Necessarily Motivating for Participants

Combination Software Instant Messaging Instant Messaging Great for One on One (still anonymous?)Great for One on One (still anonymous?) Receive Real Time Interaction When All Parties are Able ToReceive Real Time Interaction When All Parties are Able To Can Participate When You WantCan Participate When You Want Able to Connect Many to Many (what advantage do we lose?)Able to Connect Many to Many (what advantage do we lose?) Doesn’t Support Storing the Same Way Forums and Wikis DoDoesn’t Support Storing the Same Way Forums and Wikis Do

Combination Software Group Scribbles Group Scribbles Has Some Properties of “When you Want”Has Some Properties of “When you Want” More Graphical Representation Than IMMore Graphical Representation Than IM One on One or Many on Many?One on One or Many on Many? Stores Current StateStores Current State Doesn’t Store Chain of EventsDoesn’t Store Chain of Events

Questions Software We Didn’t Mention? Software We Didn’t Mention? Advantages or Disadvantages That Weren’t Brought Up? Advantages or Disadvantages That Weren’t Brought Up? Personal Experiences? Personal Experiences?